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Biaggi’s Other Opium Den

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Frogs
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During his presidency, Édouard Balladur was regarded as the "right man for the right time" in France. In 1995, Balladur was elected president of France in what Jacques Chirac, the man who had been aiming for the top job for decades, called the "Great Betrayal", as Balladur had originally rejected to run in 1995 against Chirac, before simply deciding to do so anyway when polls saw him leading the field. Balladur's election destroyed the two mens friendship, but many in France felt like they made the "right choice", at least until 2007. See after the fall of the Cold War consensus, the United States and Russia's relationship was softening, even after Yury Vlasov took power following the death of Boris Yeltsin, and although he would grow to be unpopular internationally in the 2010s, he had good relations with both presidents Kerrey and Quayle. With this, the French, who had never really let their empire go, began to feel that they wanted to wage international power. Balladur began establishing closer relationships with Israel and Saudi Arabia, who were growing increasingly unhappy with the U.S. and Russia (especially as the "JDL panic" took the US by storm following the 1996 attacks), and with various Bavarian independence groups, feeling similar to Mitterand that a truly united Germany would undermine French power. Still, it wasn't until the events of 2001 and 2002 that Balladur's influences would be truly felt.

Despite decolonization officially occurring throughout the 1950s and 1960s, the French never truly relinquished control of Northern Africa, and under Balladur, things were no different. French influence was felt across Northern Africa, from the Algerian Civil war to multiple coups held in Niger throughout Balladur's term. However, the lasting thorn in France's side was Libya. Muammar Gaddafi had long annoyed the French (and the rest of the West) with his anti-colonial politics, support for the IRA, and claims that it was a Soviet puppet state. However, in the post-Cold War world, there was hope for peace. Thanks to the help of Nelson Mandela, President Kerrey was able to meet with Gaddafi following his re-election in 1996 (ironically helped by French-American voters), and the two established more cordial relations with each other. Kerrey had long been decried as a warmongerer by the paleoconservative right (the invasion of Iraq to create Kurdistan and the bombings of the former Yugoslavia didn't help), but it was joked that "only Kerrey could go to Libya". Such "cordial" relations were continued under Quayle, who didn't really care about Gaddafi, as his election was based on his willingness to "fix American problems". With this, the French, who had long hated Gaddafi, saw an opening. Gaddafi's turn to Pan-Africanism over Pan-Arabism scared the French (and the British, as Gaddafi had become a supporter of Robert Mugabe), and as such, Gaddafi would meet his end in 2001, when a French-backed assassin shot Gaddafi. The resulting fallout from the assassination and an attempted coup days later led to the beginning of the Libyan Civil War, which hasn't truly ended. The French and British both backed the increasingly right-wing and radical Islamists, who committed various atrocities across the country as the rest of the world watched. This was in junction with the Franco-British coup of Mugabe a year later, and the world soon returned to war.

Balladur once famously stated in a speech in 2002 that "in the absence of the Americans" under President Quayle, that the west needed a new leader. As he was re-elected easily over increasingly radical socialists, it seemed as if the Gaullist wanted to be the one to do it. Balladur became "Israel's #1 ally" as Quayle almost completely ignored them, and with Libya taking center stage, the French seemed poised to at least partially return to their former glory. This led to the creation of what would be called the "British-Saudi connection". It was well known that the Islamist rebels the French funded were heavily violent. This was a necessary evil many reasoned with. What wasn't necessary was everything else. The British-Saudi connection was a quiet agreement, where Islamist forces, needing more than just revenue from their backers, would get involved in drug and occasionally human trafficking. As the increasingly annoyed French and British parliaments refused higher funds, Libyan Islamist forces were making millions selling heroin to the Corsican Mafia, which was being spread worldwide by either the Corsicans or their Costra Nostra allies. This money went to private British, French, Israeli, and Saudi arms traders, or even just straight up to the campaigns of Balladur and Blair. The human trafficking aspect was even more horrifying, as modern slavery was pretty much being condoned by major powers as Libyans would straight up sell many of their captured opponents, particularly to leaders of the Saudi oligarchy.

Still, the connection was mostly covered up until 2007. It was then that independent journalists found proof of Islamist forces trafficking heroin and even people during the war. This was no surprise, after all, it was a necessary evil, and they had arguably committed much worse. However, as they dug deeper, they found increased knowledge of French and British knowledge of the trading, and even financial connections to leaders of both country's political causes. The scandal came to light on September 11, 2007, the day known as "Black Sunday" in French history, and many pointed out that the scandal resembled both Watergate and Iran-Contra. President Quayle called on both Blair and Balladur to step down, and international condemnation was sent out. Balladur called upon his opponents to "prove it beyond a reasonable doubt", but took his own life in his office 3 days later. Blair stayed alive to stand trial, but would end up dying in prison in 2015 due to a disease caused by poor prison conditions. In both countries, the scandal caused a crazed response. In Britain, where no Tories had even sniffed office for a decade, and Norman Lamont, a Eurosceptic and harsh conservative (but ironically a member of Le Cercle), was swept into office as Labour fell behind even the Liberal Democrats. Meanwhile in France, the heavily Unionized and often angry populace began to riot, even as Prime Minister-turned-President François Léotard called for national unity, the end result was a coup planned out by Pierre de Villiers, who stated that he would unite the nation, even if it meant by force.

De Villiers statement and state violence towards protesters turned the protests and riots into a full-on revolution. Bernard Thibault, a PCF-member turned union leader became the unofficial leader of this revolution, as De Villiers consistently tried to break the backs of the Unions. In May of 2008, "revolutionary" forces stormed the capital and, led by Thibault, overthrew the historically unpopular De Villiers government. The result was a hard-core government reform, weakening the power of the federal government heavily, creating workplace democracy, and causing the final arrests of British-Saudi Connection members and de Villiers Junta members to be completed. France's increasingly left-wing government has been led by President Thibault since the "Revolutions of 2008". However, the presidential position lacks the same power it once did under the Fifth Republic, as the government has entered a more balanced era. The parliament continues to be dominated by left-wing parties, however, the Populist International-aligned National Front has been gaining in recent years, as anger over rising immigration has occurred in the nation.
 
Woo Back Baby
@Joshuapooleanox :)

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When the Woo Coalition took power in 2008, it did so with a much different electoral map than Kerrey in 1992 or 1996. Kerrey was a man who reached into every crevice of the United States. Helped by vote-splitting, a willingness to ally with conservatives, and a strong economy, Kerrey stretched out to states like Arkansas, Wyoming, and Indiana, states that haven’t remotely come close to voting Democratic in the decades following. To Woo’s credit, the man broke new ground, winning Alaska - a state that voted for the dual Texans Perot in ‘92 and Gramm in ‘96, and taking Ruby Red South Carolina (despite losing the bluer Georgia and North Carolina) amid Bob Conley’s “unpledged electors” movement. One surprising constant in the two coalitions was West Virginia. West Virginia borders paleoconservatism’s home of Virginia, a state where increasingly nervous suburban voters ally with Liberty University’s machine. Despite West Virginia not straying from the Democratic constant since 1988 which with Robinson’s wins in 2016 in Wisconsin and Minnesota, makes it tied for the longest lasting Democratic state with Hawaii, Washington, Vermont, Illinois, Most Of Maine, Delaware, New Jersey, and California. However, it wasn’t always meant to be like this. As the Paleoconservative movement took over the Republican Party, many felt that their ideology - with its heavy religiosity, protectionism, and nationalism, could return the Mountain State into the arms of the party who carved it out of Virginia. This might have very well worked, after all, Bob Graham only received 52% of the vote in the state in 2000 to Quayle’s 46%, there was certainly hope.

It is with this that many members of the West Virginia Democratic Party thank Charlotte Pritt, the now-incumbent senator, for helping them keep their jobs. Pritt was an unlikely savior after all, her Democratic primary victory in 1996 was so controversial that interparty opponents formed a “Democrats for Underwood” association. She didn’t receive a single major newspaper endorsement, and arguably only won due to Underwoods failures to placate the far right wing of his party, support from party stalwarts like Ken Hechler, and Bob Kerrey’s HISTORIC 61-32-6 walloping of Phil Gramm in the state. It was here that Pritt turned West Virginia, a nominally conservative state, into much more of a “liberal paradise”. The transition away from a coal-based economy would be hard, and even unpopular (Pritt had near underwater approval ratings until 1999), but Pritt’s constant fights for unions, support for a growing tourism industry, and, with the help of Robert Byrd, the pork master, was able to massively improve the state’s infrastructure. Wind farms began popping up in the state as Pritt began to introduce tax rebates for wind power companies to come to the state (of course they were met with a heavily unionized workforce, which was a fun experience for many yuppie wind power CEOs). In 2000, Pritt, who spent her entire life fighting politically, was given the easiest lay-up of her career, running against coal CEO Don Blankenship. Despite fears of Blankenship’s unabashedly pro-coal message effecting the coal miners of the state, those coal miners also generally remembered Blankenship as the guy who tried to break up their unions, and even though there were increased Republican margins downstate, massive panhandle and northern support delivered the state to Pritt, which was only helped by Blankenship’s constantly racist statements. Unlike 1996, it seemed as if Pritt saved the Bob on the top of the ticket, instead of the other way around.

Pritt’s work in the “West Virginia Miracle”, turned her into a national political figure, especially as many progressives saw the gun toting, non-interventionist, environmentalist daughter of coal miners as an inspiration for wins in states like Kentucky. Pritt, who had platforms to the left of most mainstream Democrats, also outperformed most of them in her home state. In 2003, a “Draft Pritt” campaign was started up, but Pritt, committed to state issues as per usual, chose to endorse Representative David Bonoir, who suffered a difficult campaign as he failed to defeat the more pro-establishment Bill Bradbury[1], who lost hard to Dan Quayle, despite Kennedy-levels of Irish support. However, as Pritt was retiring in 2004, many saw her as a solid choice in 2008, especially as Carte Goodwin, who had worked with Pritt on mine safety regulations, demolished the now-perennial candidate Joe Manchin in the Democratic primary and some nobody in the general, proving that Pritt’s machine had staying power. In 2007, Pritt, backed by leftist Democrats Bernie Sanders, Jill Stein, Dennis Kucinich, David Bonoir, and of course her old ally - Ken Hechler, began a primary campaign for President. Pritt was considered a major contender, especially as she won union-heavy Iowa. However, Michael Woo, the governor of California, was able to unite the moderate wing of the party behind him, and despite a closer race than expected, he took the nomination.

It could be assumed here that Pritt would fall into the sidelines, as she saw no point in challenging the states two entrenched senators, and Pritt believed so as well. She mostly became a campaigner at union events throughout the state, and a general influencer for progressive politics in West Virginia. However, in 2010, Robert Byrd died. Goodwin, a longtime ally of Pritt’s, decided that, after ruling out himself as a replacement, that Pritt should hold the position. President Woo, wanting another outspoken progressive to help him with his agenda, supported his old primary opponent in the position, and she won re-election to the senate easily. However, in the years since Pritt’s selection and election, she has moved notably more radical, mostly hitting president Woo on foreign policy, endorsing Cynthia McKinney’s candidacy for president in 2012 until her famed campaign stop with Fred Hampton Jr., and joining with many Republicans in opposing Woo’s 2014 sanctions on Russia, and attempting to filibuster a bill to support bombing Turkey after their attempts to invade Kurdistan. The resulting controversy has led to her being labeled a “Russian Agent” by some neoconservatives in her party, but she remains popular within her state. Allies like Governor Richard Ojeda, Senator Carte Goodwin, and Representative Jesse Johnson allow for a “Prittite” control of the West Virginia Democratic Party. While Pritt has mostly focused on pro-Union legislation and International politic in her time as Senator, she is also notable for being a national supporter of medical marijuana legalization, and has helped West Virginia be one of the only states in the union to legalize it.

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Governors of West Virginia (1997-Present):
Charlotte Pritt (Democratic) 1997-2005

1996 Def. Cecil Underwood (Republican)
2000 Def. Don Blankenship (Republican)

Carte Goodwin (Democratic) 2005-2013
2004 Def. Johnathan Miller (Republican)
2008 Def. Randy Smith (Republican)

Shelly Moore Capito (Republican) 2013-2017
2012 Def. John Perdue (Democratic)
Richard Ojeda (Democratic) 2017-????
2016 Def. Shelly Moore Capito (Republican)

[1] This is called “situational irony”.
 
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Left Coast
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In many people's eyes the West Coast (or "Left Coast") represents the "Dream of the 90s", an era where the consensus moved away from the old gruesome ways of doing politics and capitalism, and embraced the slickness of the future. While ethnic conflicts and the rise of L'Entreprise in Montreal and New Orleans have led to a disappointing world for many on the eastern side of the Mississippi River[1], many still believe in the Left Coast. The most prominent places to believe in this future are Portland, Oregon, and San Francisco, California. San Francisco has quite simply, bucked the trend of cities increasingly being run by the Democratic Party - as the governing forces behind the city's leadership instead rally behind the California Green Party, also known as the "Gonzalez Machine". The Green Party's origins come from professor Gar Alperovitz's 1996 and 2000 campaigns, where the professor, after gaining fame in 1994 for a speaking tour promoting the political ideology of the "Commonwealth Model" garnered him national attention, especially as he campaigned for various left wing candidates throughout the 1990s. Alperovitz was an awkward leader, yes, but his ability to gain support from many across the left-wing spectrum led him to garner 4% of the vote in 2000. Many hoped that this could lead the Green Party to major status in the Quayle age, and one of their first major victories came in San Francisco.

Matt Gonzalez was a trial lawyer and former candidate for District Attorney when he joined Gar Alperovitz's campaign staff in 2000. Gonzalez was a man who opposed political corruption and espoused left-wing values, seeing a connection with Alperovitz. As Alperovitz campaigned through major cities and college towns (something that arguably caused Dan Quayle to win Oregon in 2000 - not that it mattered), Gonzalez became more and more important, and after Alperovitz's loss in 2000, he ran for the San Francisco Board of Supervisors and to the shock of everyone involved, he won. Two years later he shocked the world and defeated Gavin Newsom to be elected Mayor of San Francisco, dealing a massive blow to the political establishment of the state, which had already been shocked when Senator Barbara Boxer lost to Darrell Issa (also known as the image JDL shooters put on their targets) in 1998.

One would think that the incredible results from California - a win in one of its major cities and Peter Camejo's 8% of the vote in the recall election[2] that delivered Peter Ueberroth to the governorship as an Independent - would give the national Greens some hope. It, shockingly, did not. Gar Alperovitz had long felt that the Greens were "too single-issue focused", believing that the party had accepted too many economic moderates into its "big tent". Sherry Huber and Pete McCloskey, two nationally notable Greens, were seen as examples of this, and it led to Alperovitz forming his own "Community Party" before the 2004 elections. Alperovitz had originally attempted to convince Gonzalez or Camejo to run, who both declined for different reasons, as he didn't want to form a "cult of personality". Instead Alperovitz got friend Ted Howard to run, but both the Community and Green Parties failed to take off in 2004, especially after Gonzalez refused to endorse a candidate and many focused on supporting Bill Bradbury as a "lesser evil".

It was here that the Gonzalez machine began to take hold. As Gonzalez continued his time in office, he moved to the right on economics, becoming increasingly controversial among the left-wing voters who elected him. Still, the strategy seemed to work, as Greens upset Democrats throughout the 2005 elections. Gonzalez walked to re-election in 2007 despite a "Gonzalez Voters For La Riva" movement, but shockingly endorsed Democrats Barbara Boxer for Governor in her successful '06 campaign and Michael Woo in '08. Defenders of Gonzalez claim that this "worked", as Gonzalez was made EPA director following his decision not to run for re-election in 2011, and his reported "influence" over President Woo's politics, but others point to the Gonzalez machine as what it really is - a machine. City politics has been dominated by tech companies, arguably even more so since Gonzalez's victory in 2003, as the old ways of doing things are thrown out for a newer, sleeker, system. Unions hurt in the city, and rent is high, but San Francisco is technically no longer represented by Democrats, so they're quirky and anti-establishment. Still, many praise the city for its passionate support of renewable energy sources, with things like solar panels on top of city buildings and massive tax breaks for renewable energy sources companies to find a home in.

The anger and resentment of the left-wing of San Francisco politics finally broke out in 2015. Ex-Chief of Police Heather Fong had been elected on the Green ticket four years earlier, and, despite promises to "fight crime" while "retaining the city's free spirit", Fong pushed out a tough-on-crime administration, especially after triad violence broke out in 2012. The result was an administration many compared to Rudy Giuliani's in New York City, but Fong faced no real opposition from either the Greens, who liked her for her commitment to Green policies, or from Democrats, as state Democratic chairman Angela Alito praised her for "taking down the Wo Hop To", which is ironic if you know anything about Alito's father. This anger led to the drafting of Peter Camejo for Mayor. Camejo, who was 76 and a former cancer patient, seemed like a bad fit, but decided to run anyways on the Peace & Freedom platform. Camejo, along with a few minor Democrats and Greens, held Fong below the 50% threshold, allowing for a Fong-Camejo runoff. Although almost the entire political establishment in San Francisco opposed Camejo, he still won 43% of the vote, causing many to believe that the "Gonzalez Machine" may be crumbling.

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Governors of California (1999-Present):
Gray Davis (Democratic) 1999-2003
[Re]
1998 Def.
Dan Lungren (Republican)
2002 Def. Bill Simon (Republican), Peter Camejo (Green)

Peter Ueberroth (Independent) 2003-2007
2003 Recall Def. Tony Miller (Democratic), Bill Simon (Republican), Peter Camejo (Green), Van Vo (Republican)
Barbara Boxer (Democratic) 2007-2011
2006 Def. Peter Ueberroth (Independent [backed by Republican]), Van Vo (Constitution)
Jack O'Connell (Democratic) 2011-????
2010 Def. Tom Campbell (Republican)
2014 Def. James P. Gray (Republican)


[1] Shut up I know
[2] If you think I'm taking out one of the funniest political moments of the last two decades just because Dan Quayle got booted from the Republican ticket in '92 you're dead wrong
 
News! News! News!
Vernon Robinson’s Victory Brings Out Authoritarian Side In Democratic Party
May 4, 2017
By: Benjamin E. Sasse


If you’ve even taken a cautious look at the Presidential Election, you’ll notice that the Democratic Party has taken a turn towards the authoritarian following Sen. Vernon Robinson (R-NC)’s defeat of Vice President Mike Michaud (D-ME) just a few months ago. The most obvious and notable of which came when newly-elected governor of West Virginia Richard Ojeda was caught on a hot mic saying that “America may need a coup” to “remove the American Taliban”.

If this were simply just Ojeda, a populist with a passion for gaffes, we could understand it. But it’s not just the words of one radical political figure, it’s the people backing him. While Ojeda’s comments have led to little backlash, state political ally and now-former representative Jesse Johnson of West Virginia’s 2nd District was pushed to resign after saying he “may agree” with the governor - leading to a very competitive race for the seat.

It's not just Virginia. In Portland, Oregon, long-term "Sewer Socialist" mayor Bev Stein has said that she "does not recognize" Robinson as President, and while Ojeda and Johnson both won closer races than expected, Stein won re-election to a fourth term with 65% of the vote, showing that there is significant support for these radicals across the nation - which was made especially clear when the (lily white and liberal) city of Portland rioted in the aftermath of Robinson's election.

Many claim that this reaction comes from Robinson being “too radical”, after all - he is the first candidate since Quayle to accept Populist International backing - but I fear that this is more insidious than anger at President Robinson’s ideology or even his (still unproven) support for a return to power for Yury Vlasov in Russia in the coming months. In his senate campaign, Alvin Greene, another Democrat Party governor with a history of controversial statements, called Robinson a “house n****er”.

Am I implying that the Democratic opposition to President Robinson is entirely racist or authoritarian? No. But I find it interesting that President Robinson, who has made such an effort to appeal to the other side, for instance appointing former Democratic governor George Wallace Jr. of Alabama, to the important role of Attorney General, making Democrats Dennis Kucinich and David Saunders advisors, and offering to start a "French Language Tour" (despite not speaking the language) through the Upper Northeast with Paul LePage after LePage called Robinson "anti-French".

Here's the facts: we conservatives dealt with President Woo's anti-democratic and anti-American politics for eight years, having to tolerate former conservative "allies" like John McCain flip on us and join his coalition. Our anger, while extreme from some, was mostly focused on democratic and peaceful means. The liberal media would've never let, say, Jerry Kilgore, claim a coup was needed like Ojeda without wanting his head on a platter! American politics requires the acceptance of victory from the losing side to keep working, and I fear that the Democrats will move further and further away from this fact.

As Robinson continues the early part of his administration popular, we fear the future. How will these Democrats react if Republicans win in 2022 or 2024? Could Ojeda's talks of a coup come to fruition? Could we see riots in cities increasingly run by one-party Democratic machines? If something isn't done by the Democratic leadership or by the American people, this could be a very real possibility.
 
Guido
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The Sopranos was an American Television program that aired on the TV network Fox from 1997-2004. The show was notable from the start as it cast Steven Van Zandt - an ex guitarist for Bruce Springsteen - as the famed mob boss Tony Soprano. The show portrays Zandt try to balance his family life and personal issues with his life as a high profile mobster and eventually boss of the New Jersey Crime Family. The show garnered significant controversy in its first few seasons due to filming in the middle and in the aftermath of the “Brighton Beach Wars” which occurred in 1996-1997 between the LCN and it’s Albanian and Russian rivals. Such controversy nearly got the show taken off the air in the early seasons, as various Italian advocacy groups attacked it for ‘glorifying’ mob activity.

Although the show originally strayed away from the events of 1996-1997 (showeunner David Chase saying he ‘didn’t want to start the show with everyone being killed’), it increasingly became entwined with ‘current events’ within the mob in later seasons, particularly the resurgence of the Irish Mob in Boston, referred to as ‘those micks up north’ by Soprano. The show would lose much of its controversial edge until the final season, which largely based itself around the collapse of LCN following 1996-1997. Of particular controversy was Soprano’s allegiance with a white supremacist gang, based off of real life crime boss John Gotti’s decision to do the same in 1997. The gang, called the “Stone Mountain Boys” (but obviously based around the Aryan Nation) would end up killing Soprano in the final episode in the aftermath of mob conflict, causing substantial anger within the show’s fanbase. Since its running, The Sopranos remains influential, especially in the rise of the “Anti-Hero” trope. In 2015, President Michael Woo, a noted fan of the show, helped push for it to be ‘National Series Registry’, leading to a condemnation from fellow California Democratic Senator Angela Alito, and Rhode Island Independent Governor Buddy Cianci, who claimed it was ‘anti-Italian’. Still, it was inducted to much fanfare.
 
Guido 2: The Guidoning

Butcher Comin'
continued...
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If you asked most New Yorkers in early 1996 who they would vote for for mayor, Rudy Giuliani or Al Sharpton, almost all of them would state, quite blankly, that they would vote for Guliani, despite the city giving Bob Kerrey a record-breaking amount of votes and Giuliani's staunch Republican outlook. They felt the city had gotten cleaner, more crime free, and generally safer since the Dinkins days. Of course that would be until the famed Brighton Beach Wars. See, while Giuliani had gotten himself elected in 1993 off of a return to normalcy against Mayor David Dinkins, it was his famed fight against organized crime that had brought Giuliani to political superstardom. Most New Yorkers felt that organized crime was on the downturn, and entrusted him with a "safe city". However, organized crime, was, as it always is, still thriving, and particularly was thriving within Russian Organized Crime, as Vyacheslav "Yaponchik" Ivankov grew in power. The rise of the Russians and Albanians, in particular the Rudaj Organization, which had grown apart from the Five Families, were a growing threat to LCN, and as such began a conflict between the two groups. Sources are unsure of when the conflict officially began, but many agree that it started when a Gambino family solider attempted to extort a business in Brighton Beach, and ended up being killed by the Russian Mob. The conflict between the two groups became especially bloody, particularly due to the Albanians usage of "Kamikaze" tactics. The war made it especially clear that the Italian Mafia was losing power, especially when they had to ally with the Aryan Brotherhood (who had killed someone on Five Families Leader John Gotti's request in prison), against the Russians and Albanians. Although the conflict only lasted for about 8 months, before a sit-down between John Gotti Jr., Ivankov, and Alex Rudaj ended the conflict, numerous murders and attacks caused New York City to flood the national news, as Americans took in news about organized crime that hadn't been seen since the 1970s.

The aftermath of the conflict did two things. First of all, it began the establishment of Russian-based organized crime as the premier organized crime organization of the underworld, despite LCN still having significant power. Outside of the underworld, the national news's return to New York City being "Crime City", caused many in New York to increasingly dislike Guliani, especially as no prosecutions of Gotti Jr., Ivankov, Rudaj, or various other mobsters were provided in the following months. The beating of Abner Louima, which many compared to the beating of Rodney King 5 years prior did not help Giuliani's reputation, and neither did the consistent Democratic mentions of Giuliani's threatening of Time Warner to get Fox News on their network due to his wife working for Fox. Giuliani's drop in popularity opened the door for a new, stronger Democratic candidate, however, the Democratic-establishment backed Ruth Messinger was unable to defeat Al Sharpton, the populist reverend who was reaching near-perennial candidate status. Sharpton's victory automatically put Giuliani closer to victory, as Sharpton was famously unpopular with Jews and ethnic Whites. However, Sharpton was able to push turnout of minority populations up, and reported "connections" to Ivankov (that were revealed in 2010) allowed Sharpton to do quite impressive among the city's Russian population. As the campaign continued, it was clear that Giuliani, who was originally expected to win easily, was having his coalition fall apart. Sharpton's victory in the Liberal party primary and the selection of William Marra, an increasingly popular Catholic conservative by a Conservative Party-Right to Life coalition helped split Giuliani's support among White Ethnics. In the end, an inability to retain strong turnout, and a fantastic effort by Sharpton, allowed for the unthinkable to happen, a narrow Giuliani loss.

Giuliani's 1997 loss would not be the end of his career or of the Republicans run of success in New York. In a four way race in 1998, Governor George Pataki destroyed his split opposition, with Liberal candidate Betsy McCaughey shockingly finishing in second over Sheldon Silver, the Democratic nominee, and Tom Golisano, the Independence nominee, with 18% of the vote. The senate election was a much less impressive, but still successful Republican victory, as Senator Al D'Amato was able to successfully connect Democratic nominee Jose Serrano with Sharpton to help his numbers upstate. However, it would be the effective end of Giuliani's Republican political career. Giuliani had been aiming for a spot in a potential McCain administration, campaigning heavily with him in 2000, but Dan Quayle's election, the party's rejection of "big-city liberalism", and John McCain's bolting to the Democratic Party in 2001 caused Giuliani to be effectively kicked out of the party. Al Sharpton's loss in the 2001 Democratic Primary to Frank Barbaro also made things more difficult for the city Republican Party, but Giuliani would see a return to politics in 2005. The Independence Party of New York, increasingly propped up by billionaires Tom Golisano, Donald Trump, and Michael Bloomberg, needed a strong candidate for Mayor of New York City. Giuliani, who had grown angry with the national Republican Party, was pushed into the role by Trump, and soon united an anti-Barbaro coalition behind him, helped by endorsements by people like Pataki and Ed Koch, and the official City Republicans. Giuliani still failed to get Conservative support, but it didn't matter, as he defeated Barbaro 48-44.

Giuliani's second term as mayor ended with him much more popular than his first. Under the Independence Party, Giuliani forged a strange coalition in the city council unofficially propped up by Sal Albanese, that allowed him to pass a strange agenda. His mayoralty saw an increase in gay rights and some socially liberal positions, but a similar dictatorial response to crime. Giuliani became nationally known for his "clean city" politics, and due to his Independence Party affiliation, grew as a potential third party candidate in 2008. However, Giuliani, a close friend of Michael Woo's since the 1990s due to their similar positions, instead backed Woo, which gave Woo the backing of every living mayor of New York City. In 2009, Giuliani decided against a third run, both as he was too tired and because Michael Bloomberg was basically forcing him out. The resulting race was between Bloomberg and Alec Baldwin, a race that broke spending records and gave Baldwin a narrow victory. Only Democrats have been able to hold the mayoralty since. In Giuliani's later years, he's become increasingly allied with the Democratic Party. In 2014, Woo heavily considered him as a replacement for Gil Garcetti as Attorney General after Garcetti's resignation over "foreign investments" from Russian opposition parties (that may have been backed by Bratvas). However, Giuliani was never able to get nominated, due largely to the activist wing of the Democratic Party heavily disliking him and instead pushing for a more progressive candidate, which ended up being former Illinois Senator Carol Moseley Braun. In 2016, largely out of spite for the Democrats and particularly Mike Michaud, Giuliani worked as a legal advisor for Independent candidate Jim Rex, allowing him to win the Independence Party nomination, and helping him get ballot access nationwide. Although Rex won only 4% of the vote (most of it coming from New York), Giuliani described it as a "great win for Democracy".
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Mayors of New York City (1998-Present):
Al Sharpton (Democratic) 1998-2002

1997 Def. (backed by Liberals) Rudy Giuliani (Republican), William Marra (Conservative-Right to Life)
Frank Barbaro (Democratic) 2002-2006
2001 Def. (backed by Unity) William Marra (Republican-Conservative)
Rudy Giuliani (Independence) 2006-2010
2005 Def. (backed by Republicans) Frank Barbaro (Democratic-Unity), Thomas Ognibene (Conservative-Right to Life)
Alec Baldwin (Democratic) 2010-????
2009 Def. (backed by Unity) Michael Bloomberg (Independence-Republican), Thomas Ognibene (Conservative-Right to Life)
2013 Def. (backed by Unity) Sal Albanese (Independence-Republican)
 
@Alexander Helios

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In much of the United States, the government is dominated by a two-party system. Although the power of said system has weakened on the state level, the increasing polarization of national politics has caused a near-collapse in third party support (Jim Rex not included). However, Kansas sticks out like a sore thumb as it not only has a thriving third party, but one that thrives on a completely regional level. This largely derived from the West Kansas secession movement of the 1990s, where multiple west Kansas counties were forced to pay higher taxes on education while more money went to public schools in urban Kansas. The split became increasingly intense following the election of Bob Kerrey, who was actually quite popular in rural Kansas (winning the state in 1996) and many rural conservative legislators felt pressured to appeal to an increasingly angry base. This led to an official secession petition being introduced to the legislature, which was shut down by a coalition of Democrats and non-rural Republicans, many of whom feared that the loss of west Kansas would hurt their party’s competitiveness. The blocking of a bill advocating secession or even hopes of a non-binding referendum galvanized many rural voters, particularly in the base of the movement in south-west Kansas. The nomination of former Topeka mayor Douglas Wright by the Republicans didn’t help matters, and neither did the nomination of Jim Slattery by the Democrats. Wright’s nomination led to Don O. Concannon, the leader of the west Kansas movement and former Republican chairman deciding to take the Libertarian nomination after several strongly worded letters begged him to run.

Concannon’s nomination terrified Republicans, who feared that he would effectively “split the vote” and cause Slattery to pull off a narrow win, while Democrats feared he would hurt their gains in rural Kansas. This led to a concentrated effort to shut down Concannon’s campaign by both parties, but his strong use of community-based campaigning caused him to rack up 60% of the vote in many west Kansas counties, and allowed for some success downballot for the Kansas Libertarians, who picked up a few state legislature seats in the area. Doug Wright’s time as governor did not heal the divide however, as many rural Kansans felt that he was too partial to suburban areas, leading to a closer than expected race in 1998, particularly due to a stronger second Concannon Libertarian campaign and Jill Docking’s Democratic run that nearly pulled off a victory for the Democrats. By this time the school issue had largely calmed down, but it seemed that the Libertarian Party had established a political culture in West Kansas. The Kansas Libertarian Party, fearing a post-Concannon era would bring similar downballot collapse to other third parties once their lead figure became irrelevant, decided to run municipal candidates to capitalize on his popularity. By 2000, southwest Kansas had substantial Libertarian power, as Libertarians began to hold complete power in those areas. The result was hilarious and chaotic. The Libertarian Party - stuck between pleasing its regulars and pleasing its base - saw a major conflict. Small towns, now under Libertarian control, largely replaced its police force and heavily deregulated gun purchases, leading to west Kansas being nicknamed the "Wild West". While drugs were never officially decriminalized, arrests for marijuana and moonshining were pretty much unheard of in west Kansas. However, one issue where county officials largely strayed from was LGBT rights, fearing retribution from local socially conservative residents they might not get from letting them grow hemp or kicking police out. Detractors of said policies, mostly conservatives, but some anti-gun or pro-union liberals, pointed out the negatives - fears of biker gangs, or generally "unseemly types", were used as scare tactics, but most of them fell flat. Most west Kansans, anti-government by nature, generally agreed with the KSLP's "leave us alone" stance.

The growth of the Libertarian movement in west Kansas, notably nationally publicized by the New York Times in a 1999 article connecting the "wild west" to proto-Libertarian Helen Palmer Chenoweth-Hage's Republican campaign, became national. Hage, although a minor candidate who dropped out after Iowa, had been born in Kansas, but was ironically born in Topeka. Hage, who would later serve as Quayle's Secretary of the Interior, had gained Libertarian clout, and had visited the area multiple times. The investigation of these communities garnered heavy interest, as many found it interesting that nominally conservative voters were growing hemp, or they viewed them as gun-toting rednecks. Still, the area attracted Libertarian advocates, hoping to live in said "Libertarian Paradise", and the Koch brothers, both advocates themselves, began to flood local elections with money to assist said Libertarians, which, of course, was not viewed as ironic. During Jill Docking's governorship, west Kansans became even more galvanized, especially after Docking touted a national guard backed "hemp raid" in the area in 2005 to seem tougher on crime for re-election. Many saw Docking, who ironically had married into a family once popular in the area, as a Topeka-based "city slicker", and her Republican opponents as no different. Libertarian Party membership peaked in the area during this period, even hitting above 90% in some precincts in 2007. Since then, the governorship of Dave Lindstrom has been slightly more kind to Republicans in the area, but west Kansas identity still remains strong. Petitions continue to be circulated advocating for statehood, and it seems every legislative session the token Libertarians advocate for it, but with its own identity and politics, it seems that west Kansas will be, thanks to the independent spirit of its counties and lack of police force, a "state within a state".

While the KSLP dominates the area in its local and state elections, in national races west Kansas is more split. While national Libertarians traditionally do their best there, Presidential races have been consistently interesting. Ross Perot did surprisingly well in the area, being one of the only places he improved in in 1996 when compared to 1992, but in 2000 they chose the paleoconservative Quayle, with every county in the unofficial state voting for a Republican in unity for the last time. As the Quayle admin continued forth and west Kansas grew more socially moderate, they rejected him in 2004, voting for a varied mix of candidates as Libertarians won a plurality in the area, something they would repeat in 2008, but in 2012, Michael Woo pulled off an exact 0.2% victory in the "state-within-the-state", backed by an angry base of Ron Paul supporters staying home, an uncharastically weak Libertarian, and Woo's massive national victory. In 2016 it split pretty evenly, but, despite support for Jim Rex, went to Libertarians once again with 28.9% of the vote. Since west Kansas's success, many Libertarians have attempted to provide themselves as the "official opposition" in more urban dominated states. While it hasn't been as successful, Oregon's west/east divide has led to minor Libertarian success, with hopes for more in the future.


[1] Yeah I'm uncreative fuck you.
 
AZZ
In the United States Senate election held in the State of Arizona on November 7, 2000, Independent Richard Mahoney, once Secretary of State for the state of Arizona and a Democratic senate candidate six years earlier, defeated Incumbent Senator Jon Kyl. The general election coincided with the U.S. presidential election.

The race began in November 1998 when Richard Mahoney announced his Independent candidacy. Both the Democratic Party and Republican Party primaries were practically ignored, with no Democrat officially running a campaign and Kyl standing as a popular incumbent. By early 1999 it seemed a Kyl-Mahoney race would likely occur. However, Kyl was largely expected to win despite some considering him a "vulnerable" candidate. However, as the campaign went on, several things occured to change that. The first was a full state Democratic backing of Mahoney, helping him shore up even more votes, despite a LaRouchite running as a "Straight-Out Democrat". The second was the strength of the Barry Hess Libertarian campaign, despite a drop in Libertarian support nationally. The third was a competitive and dirty primary between Indiana Governor Dan Quayle and popular Arizonian senator John McCain for the Republican nomination. Many Arizonans felt that Quayle's paleoconservative campaign didn't represent them, and the Independent "reformist" candidacy reminded many of their views that caused them to back McCain.

McCain himself grew increasingly angry with the Republican Party as the Quayle campaign attacked President Kerrey's extrajudicial bombings of North Korea, which led to him largely ignoring Kyl's pleas to campaign with him as Mahoney rose in the polls, and would eventually lead to him leaving the party and becoming an Independent 8 months later, and a Democrat in 2009. By October many believed Mahoney would comfortably win, however a close presidential campaign in the state and frequent campaigning by both Quayle and Democrat Bob Graham throughout the presidential campaign nationalized it, causing Kyl to improve in polls due to increased conservative turnout, and Mahoney's gaffes in a televised debate only narrowed things even more.

However, on Election Day, Mahoney, due to large Libertarian "vote-splitting", Bob Graham's win in the state (despite a national loss), and independent persona allowed him to defeat Kyl 48-46.

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