Lists of Heads of Government and Heads of State

[Sideways]

ChatGPT wrote this. AI AH writing is coming on, but its not exactly inspired

2024-2029: Keir Starmer (Labour Party)
Defeated: Rishi Sunak (Conservative Party), Ed Davey (Liberal Democrats)

Keir Starmer wins the 2024 General Election and becomes Prime Minister. During his first term, he focuses on addressing inequality, improving social services, and investing in green energy. His government introduces a new National Care Service, reforms the justice system, and makes strides towards reaching net-zero emissions by 2035. However, his government also faces criticism for its handling of the Scottish independence referendum and its slow progress on housing affordability.

2029-2031: Liz Truss (Conservative Party)
Defeated: Angela Rayner (Labour Party), Ed Davey (Liberal Democrats)

Liz Truss becomes the first female Conservative Prime Minister in 2029 after a surprise victory in the General Election. Her government focuses on free market policies, deregulation, and strengthening the UK's international trade relations. However, her government is criticized for failing to address rising income inequality and the increasing number of homeless people on the streets. Her popularity wanes after a scandal involving a trade deal with a country accused of human rights violations.

2031-2036: Stephen Kinnock (Labour Party)
Defeated: Liz Truss (Conservative Party), Layla Moran (Liberal Democrats)

Stephen Kinnock becomes Prime Minister in 2031 after a decisive Labour victory in the General Election. His government prioritizes investing in public services, tackling climate change, and addressing the root causes of inequality. His government passes landmark legislation to provide universal free childcare, introduce a wealth tax, and invest in green energy. Kinnock also takes a strong stance on foreign policy, advocating for an ethical foreign policy and criticizing countries with poor human rights records.

2036-2041: George Freeman (Conservative Party)
Defeated: Rosena Allin-Khan (Labour Party), Wera Hobhouse (Liberal Democrats)

George Freeman becomes Prime Minister in 2036 following a Conservative victory in the General Election. His government focuses on expanding the gig economy, deregulation, and investing in innovation and technology. His government introduces new laws to regulate social media, strengthens intellectual property laws, and invests heavily in robotics and AI. However, his government faces criticism for failing to address rising income inequality and for its lack of action on climate change.

2041-2044: Layla Moran (Liberal Democrats)
Defeated: George Freeman (Conservative Party), Rebecca Long-Bailey (Labour Party)

Layla Moran becomes the first Liberal Democrat Prime Minister in 2041 after a surprise victory in the General Election. Her government focuses on electoral reform, decentralization, and green energy. Her government introduces new laws to address political corruption, introduce proportional representation, and invest heavily in renewable energy. Her government also takes steps towards greater devolution and decentralization, granting more powers to local governments and strengthening the voice of communities in decision-making.

 

[Sideways]

And, for fun, part II

2034-2041: Rachel Patel (Labour Party)
Defeated: Julian Green (Conservative Party), Aisha Khan (United Future Party)

Rachel Patel, a former community organizer and social justice campaigner, becomes the first British Prime Minister of South Asian descent in 2034. Her government focuses on strengthening public services, tackling economic inequality, and promoting sustainable development. Under her leadership, the UK becomes a global leader in renewable energy, with ambitious targets for reducing carbon emissions and transitioning to a green economy.

2041-2049: John Morris (Conservative Party)
Defeated: Rachel Patel (Labour Party), Thomas Jones (Liberal Democrats)

John Morris, a former business executive and political moderate, becomes Prime Minister in 2041, following a narrow victory over Rachel Patel's Labour Party. Morris's government focuses on promoting economic growth, deregulation, and reducing public spending. His government faces criticism from some quarters for neglecting social welfare programs and environmental protections, and for deepening inequalities between rich and poor.

2049-2057: Charlotte Hughes (Liberal Democrats)
Defeated: John Morris (Conservative Party), Tariq Ali (Labour Party)

Charlotte Hughes, a former human rights lawyer and outspoken advocate for civil liberties, becomes the first Liberal Democrat Prime Minister in 2049. Her government focuses on reforming the criminal justice system, protecting civil liberties, and promoting social justice. Under her leadership, the UK legalizes assisted dying and reforms its drug laws, leading to a sharp decline in incarceration rates.

2057-2065: Marcus Green (Conservative Party)
Defeated: Charlotte Hughes (Liberal Democrats), Ben Patel (Labour Party)

Marcus Green, a former army general and staunch conservative, becomes Prime Minister in 2057, following a landslide victory over Charlotte Hughes's Liberal Democrats. His government prioritizes national security and law and order, and introduces tough measures to combat crime and terrorism. However, his government also faces controversy over the use of surveillance technologies and the curtailing of civil liberties.

2065-2073: Jasmine Ahmed (Labour Party)
Defeated: Marcus Green (Conservative Party), Michael Carter (National Unity Party)

Jasmine Ahmed, a rising star in the Labour Party and the first Muslim woman to serve as Prime Minister, comes to power in 2065. Her government focuses on investing in public services and infrastructure, reducing inequality, and promoting diversity and inclusion. Under her leadership, the UK introduces a new national health insurance program and a guaranteed basic income for all citizens.

2073-2081: James Davies (Conservative Party)
Defeated: Jasmine Ahmed (Labour Party), Sarah Lewis (Green Party)

James Davies, a former investment banker and centrist politician, becomes Prime Minister in 2073, after a narrow victory over Jasmine Ahmed's Labour Party. His government focuses on reducing government debt, stimulating economic growth, and strengthening international trade and alliances. Under his leadership, the UK becomes a leader in artificial intelligence and robotics, with a supportive legal and regulatory framework for new technologies.

2081-2090: Samantha Singh (Labour Party)
Defeated: James Davies (Conservative Party), Mark Johnson (People's Party)

Samantha Singh, a former union leader and progressive activist, becomes Prime Minister in 2081, after a sweeping victory over James Davies's Conservative Party. Her government focuses on strengthening workers' rights, promoting social welfare, and advancing gender equality. Under her leadership, the UK becomes the first country to adopt a 30-hour work week and a national child care program.

 

[Warthog]

George Freeman

Read this as George Foreman and was tickled

 

[Luke_Starkiller]

"Excerpts from the bibliography of author N. Roy Gingrich"

• Gingrich, N. Roy (1995). Before the Storm: Adlai Stevenson and the Birth of the Radical Left. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-8090-2859-X.

• —; et al. (1997). The Dole and the Destroyer: How Conservatives can Take Back America. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-9761475-0-5.

• — (1999). Humphreyville: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-4302-5.

• — (2006). The Invisible Bridge: The Decline of Humphrey and the Rise of Harris. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1-4767-8241-6.

• — (2012). Harrisville: America's Left Turn, 1976–1980. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1-4767-9305-4.

 

[AnActualFam]

"Excerpts from the bibliography of author N. Roy Gingrich"

• Gingrich, N. Roy (1995). Before the Storm: Adlai Stevenson and the Birth of the Radical Left. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-8090-2859-X.

• —; et al. (1997). The Dole and the Destroyer: How Conservatives can Take Back America. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-9761475-0-5.

• — (1999). Humphreyville: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-4302-5.

• — (2006). The Invisible Bridge: The Decline of Humphrey and the Rise of Harris. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1-4767-8241-6.

• — (2012). Harrisville: America's Left Turn, 1976–1980. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1-4767-9305-4.

Newt Gingrich as Alt!Rick Perlstein is beautiful. Shocked he doesn't talk about LBJ in his own book, but I guess that's part of the rise of the "radical left".

 

[Luke_Starkiller]

Newt Gingrich as Alt!Rick Perlstein is beautiful. Shocked he doesn't talk about LBJ in his own book, but I guess that's part of the rise of the "radical left".

There's three explanations for that!

1. It's just excerpts, not his whole bibliography. There are other works that get into that.

2. He's trying to establish continuity between the effete, professional class left of the ADA era and the similar elements of the latter-day progressive left. LBJ, as a big, domineering southerner, doesn't fit the mold of the ivory tower academics that characterized the Stevenson campaign and Kennedy/Humphrey/Muskie/Harris administrations. Plus there's probably more than a little bitterness in his characterization of the Democrats that's directed towards the liberal faculty that made his life harder as a conservative academic and historian.

3. I'm lazy and wanted a clean analogy. Rick Perlstein is the House Majority Whip and sits in Wisconsin's 2nd.

 

[Blackentheborg]

ChatGPT wrote this. AI AH writing is coming on, but its not exactly inspired

2024-2029: Keir Starmer (Labour Party)
Defeated: Rishi Sunak (Conservative Party), Ed Davey (Liberal Democrats)

Keir Starmer wins the 2024 General Election and becomes Prime Minister. During his first term, he focuses on addressing inequality, improving social services, and investing in green energy. His government introduces a new National Care Service, reforms the justice system, and makes strides towards reaching net-zero emissions by 2035. However, his government also faces criticism for its handling of the Scottish independence referendum and its slow progress on housing affordability.

2029-2031: Liz Truss (Conservative Party)
Defeated: Angela Rayner (Labour Party), Ed Davey (Liberal Democrats)

Liz Truss becomes the first female Conservative Prime Minister in 2029 after a surprise victory in the General Election. Her government focuses on free market policies, deregulation, and strengthening the UK's international trade relations. However, her government is criticized for failing to address rising income inequality and the increasing number of homeless people on the streets. Her popularity wanes after a scandal involving a trade deal with a country accused of human rights violations.

2031-2036: Stephen Kinnock (Labour Party)
Defeated: Liz Truss (Conservative Party), Layla Moran (Liberal Democrats)

Stephen Kinnock becomes Prime Minister in 2031 after a decisive Labour victory in the General Election. His government prioritizes investing in public services, tackling climate change, and addressing the root causes of inequality. His government passes landmark legislation to provide universal free childcare, introduce a wealth tax, and invest in green energy. Kinnock also takes a strong stance on foreign policy, advocating for an ethical foreign policy and criticizing countries with poor human rights records.

2036-2041: George Freeman (Conservative Party)
Defeated: Rosena Allin-Khan (Labour Party), Wera Hobhouse (Liberal Democrats)

George Freeman becomes Prime Minister in 2036 following a Conservative victory in the General Election. His government focuses on expanding the gig economy, deregulation, and investing in innovation and technology. His government introduces new laws to regulate social media, strengthens intellectual property laws, and invests heavily in robotics and AI. However, his government faces criticism for failing to address rising income inequality and for its lack of action on climate change.

2041-2044: Layla Moran (Liberal Democrats)
Defeated: George Freeman (Conservative Party), Rebecca Long-Bailey (Labour Party)

Layla Moran becomes the first Liberal Democrat Prime Minister in 2041 after a surprise victory in the General Election. Her government focuses on electoral reform, decentralization, and green energy. Her government introduces new laws to address political corruption, introduce proportional representation, and invest heavily in renewable energy. Her government also takes steps towards greater devolution and decentralization, granting more powers to local governments and strengthening the voice of communities in decision-making.

How'd you manage to get ChatGPT to write these? Every time I bring up politics it spits the same line about not being biased

 

[Sideways]

How'd you manage to get ChatGPT to write these? Every time I bring up politics it spits the same line about not being biased

I've sent you the logs - I think the key thing (I think) is that I identified a format and a purpose, which was producing works of fiction. Even then I haven't quite taught it about butterflies - I just about managed to get it to stop writing about World War II in a WWI doesn't happen timeline, but the Falklands and David Cameron still happened

 

[monroe]

I've sent you the logs - I think the key thing (I think) is that I identified a format and a purpose, which was producing works of fiction. Even then I haven't quite taught it about butterflies - I just about managed to get it to stop writing about World War II in a WWI doesn't happen timeline, but the Falklands and David Cameron still happened

I can't believe AH.com was trialling GPTs for years without us knowing

 

[AnActualFam]

Based on a conversation with @Meppo, who showed me an insane alternate history about a 1952 WW3. Writeup is gonna come soonish but wanted to get this out there.

1949-1952 Harry Truman/Alben Barkley (Democratic)
1948 def. Thomas Dewey (Republican), Strom Thurmond (Dixiecrat)
1952-1957 Dwight Eisenhower/Harry Truman (National Union)
1952 def. elections suspended
1957-1961 Dwight Eisenhower/Hubert Humphrey (Democratic)
1956 def. Strom Thurmond (Dixiecrat), Robert Taft (Republican)
1961-present Hubert Humphrey/Stuart Symington (Democratic)
1960 def. Walter Judd (Republican), Harry Byrd (Dixiecrat)
1964 def. Barry Goldwater (Conservative)

 

[aaa]

"You know George, I've lived in Britain for ten years and I've had my citizenship for four. And in all that time I've never been able to fully understand what liberalism really means in this country."
"Well, liberalism, it's, well...you know."
"No, that's the thing--I don't know."
"You know, it's just...you know."

List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom

1892–1894: William Ewart Gladstone (Liberal)
1892 (min. with INF and INL support) def. Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (Conservative), Justin McCarthy (Irish National Federation), John Redmond (Irish National League)
1894–1899: Joseph Chamberlain (Liberal)
1896 (min.) def. Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (Conservative), John Dillon (Irish National Federation), John Redmond (Irish National League)
1899–1902: Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (Conservative)
1899 (maj.) def. Joseph Chamberlain (Liberal), John Redmond (Irish Parliamentary), Keir Hardie (Labour Representation Committee)
1902–1905: Arthur Balfour (Conservative)
1905–1911: Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, later 1st Earl of Belmont (Liberal)
1905 (maj.) def. Arthur Balfour (Conservative), John Redmond (Irish Parliamentary), Keir Hardie (Labour Representation Committee)
1909 (maj.) def. Arthur Balfour (Conservative), John Redmond (Irish Parliamentary), Arthur Henderson (Labour)
1911–1916: Herbert Henry Asquith (Liberal)
1912 (min. with Labour support) def. George Wyndham (Conservative), John Redmond (Irish Parliamentary), Ramsay MacDonald (Labour), George Lansbury (Independent Labour)
1916–1921: David Lloyd George (Liberal)
1916 (min. with Labour support) def. George Curzon, 1st Earl Curzon (Conservative), Ramsay MacDonald (Labour), George Lansbury (Independent Labour)
1921–1933: Sir Austen Chamberlain (Liberal)
1922: The Labour Party formally merges into the Liberal Party, with candidates standing under the 'Liberal-Labour' banner
1922 (maj.) def. James Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury (Conservative), George Lansbury (Independent Labour)
1928 (maj.) def. Douglas Hogg (Conservative), James Maxton (Independent Labour)
1933–1938: Winston Spencer-Churchill (Liberal, then Liberal leading Government of National Unity)
1933 (min.) def. Stanley Baldwin (Conservative), James Maxton (Independent Labour)
1935 (maj.) def. Stanley Baldwin (Conservative), George Buchanan (Independent Labour)
1938–1940: Neville Chamberlain (Liberal leading Government of National Unity)
1940–1948: Winston Spencer-Churchill (Liberal leading Government of National Unity, then Liberal)
1946 (maj.) def. Duff Cooper (Conservative), Tom Wintringham (Independent Labour)
1948–1955: Clement Attlee (Liberal)
1949 (maj.) def. Oliver Lyttelton (Conservative), Fenner Brockway (Independent Labour)
1952 (maj.) def. Herwald Ramsbotham (Conservative), J.B. Priestley (Independent Labour)
1955–1957: Anthony Eden (Liberal)
1956 (min.) def. David Maxwell Fyfe (Conservative), Aneurin Bevan (Independent Labour)
1957–1962: Malcolm MacDonald (Liberal)
1957 (maj.) def. David Maxwell Fyfe (Conservative), Aneurin Bevan (Independent Labour)
Party Constitution of 1958 adopted, allowing for membership votes in leadership elections
1960 (maj.) def. Richard Law (Conservative), Jennie Lee (Independent Labour)
1962 leadership: Harold Macmillan def. Dingle Foot, Cyril Asquith, Selwyn Lloyd
1962–1971: Harold Macmillan (Liberal)
1964 (min.) def. Alec Douglas-Home, 13th Earl of Home (Conservative), Emrys Hughes (Independent Labour)
1966 (maj.) def. Alec Douglas-Home, 13th Earl of Home (Conservative), John Collins (Independent Labour)
1971 leadership: Harold Wilson def. Mark Bonham Carter, Iain Macleod, Anthony Nutting, William Douglas-Home, David Ennals
1971–1979: Harold Wilson (Liberal)
1971 (min.) def. Dudley Smith (Conservative), A.J.P. Taylor (Independent Labour)
1972 (maj.) def. Dudley Smith (Conservative), A.J.P. Taylor (Independent Labour)
1977 (maj.) def. Nicholas Ridley (Conservative), Barbara Castle (Independent Labour)
1979 leadership: Edward Heath def. Michael Foot, Leonard Callaghan, Tim Beaumont
1979–1986: Edward Heath (Liberal)
1980 (maj.) def. John Stokes (Conservative), Gavin Strang (Independent Labour)
1985 (min.) def. Fergus Montgomery (Conservative), Stan Newens (Independent Labour)
1986 leadership: Margaret Lloyd George, Viscountess Tenby def. Shirley Williams, Arthur Cockfield
1986–1993: Margaret Lloyd George, Viscountess Tenby (Liberal)
1988 (maj.) def. Alan Clark (Conservative), John Maxton (Independent Labour)
1992 (min.) def. John Wakeham (Conservative), Ken Coates (Independent Labour), Brian Sedgemore (Progressive Alliance)
1993 leadership: Margaret Jay def. Peter Temple-Morris, Matthew Parris, David Penhaligon
1993–1996: Margaret Jay (Liberal)
1993 (maj.) def. William Benyon (Conservative), Ken Coates (Independent Labour), Brian Sedgemore (Progressive Alliance)
1996 leadership: Anthony Blair def. Eric Forth, David Penhaligon, Stanley Johnson, Winston Spencer-Churchill, Hilary Wainwright
1996–2006: Anthony Blair (Liberal)
1998 (maj.) def. Peter Lilley (Conservative), Bernie Grant (Independent Labour), Brian Sedgemore (Progressive Alliance), Robert Kilroy-Silk (Action)
2003 (maj.) def. Peter Lilley (Conservative), Wayne David (Independent Labour), Charles Kennedy (Progressive Alliance), Robert Kilroy-Silk (Action)
2006: Sir John Major elected unopposed as interim leader by the 1956 Committee
2006–2007: Sir John Major (Liberal)
2007 leadership: Alex Johnson def. Gordon Brown, David Campbell-Bannerman, Sarah Ludford
2007–2012: Alex Johnson (Liberal)
2008 (min. with Progressive Alliance support) def. David Heathcoat-Amory (Conservative), Ken Livingstone (Independent Labour), Bob Ainsworth (Progressive Alliance), Roger Godsiff (Action)
2012–2014: Theresa May (Conservative)
2012 (min.) def. Alex Johnson (Liberal), Mike Wood (Independent Labour), Peter Hain (Progressive Alliance), Roger Godsiff (Action)
2012 Liberal leadership: Sir David Cameron, Bt. def. Alan Sked, Michael Cashman, Harriet Harman
2014–2021: Sir David Cameron, Bt. (Liberal)
2014 (maj.) def. Theresa May (Conservative), Richard Leonard (Independent Labour), Elaine Smith (Action), Caroline Lucas (Progressive Alliance)
2019 (maj.) def. Theresa May (Conservative), Mark Serwotka (Independent Labour), Rachael Maskell (Action)
2021 leadership: Rishi Sunak def. Rachel Johnson, Elizabeth Truss, Zac Goldsmith, Ed Balls, Emily Wedgwood Benn, Laura Sandys
2021–2022: Rishi Sunak (Liberal)
2022 party confidence vote: no confidence (82.7%) def. confidence (17.3%)
2022 leadership: Elizabeth Truss def. Chuka Umunna, Zac Goldsmith, Katy Gallagher, Tim Farron, Patrick O'Flynn, Seb Dance
2022–0000: Elizabeth Truss (Liberal)
2023 (maj.) def. Sir Gideon Osborne, Bt. (Conservative), Alex Phillips (Independent Labour), Rachael Maskell (Action)

 

[Catalunya]

List of Prime Ministers of the Republic of Turkey:

1965 - 1970: Süleyman Demirel (Justice)
1965 (Demirel I: Majority) def. İsmet İnönü (Republican People’s), Osman Bölükbaşı (Nation)
1968: Despite requests from Hungary, Poland and the DDR. USSR General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev refuses to sanction an ‘intervention’ in Czechoslovakia. (POD)
1968: Demirel I government narrowly fails to change electoral system after multiple Justice Party MPs were worried that it would make it easier for the party to replace them as candidates.
1969 (Demirel II: Coalition) def. İsmet İnönü (Republican People’s), Turhan Feyzioğlu (Reliance), Mehmet Ali Aybar (Turkey’s Workers’)
1969: Turkey’s Workers’ Party (TİP) leader resigns, and is replaced by Behice Boran, the first female leader of a major Turkish political party. New leader seen as more closely aligned with Moscow.
1969: TİP enters a close relationship with the Kurdish nationalist Revolutionary Cultural Eastern Hearths (DDKO). Moves come under scrutiny of right-wing parties.
1970: Pro-Alevite Unity Party merges with TİP.
1970: Demirel II falls after disagreements with Reliance Party over patronage. Possible military coup is averted after CHP leader İnönü pledges support for a Reliance-led Kemalist government with support from Turanist parties.
1970 - 1971: Metin Feyzioğlu (Reliance)
1971: Turkish government’s attempts to change laws on collective bargaining and strikes lead to general strikes with TİP playing a central role. Minister of Foreign Affairs Bülent Ecevit (CHP) hastily returns to Turkey from a visit to Bonn, and manoeuvres bedridden İnönü out of leadership. Ecevit declares a change in the party’s stance from left-of-centre to centre-left, declaring Atatürk to be the first centre-left Turk. Government collapses the next day, and general elections are called.
1971 - 1973: Süleyman Demirel (Justice)
1971 (Demirel III: Coalition) def. Bülent Ecevit (Republican People’s), Behice Boran (Turkey’s Workers’), Ferruh Bozbeyli (Liberal Democrat), Necmettin Erbakan (National Salvation), Alparslan Türkeş (Idealist)
1972: Taksim Massacre leaves 52 protesters dead. Event considered along with kidnapping and murder of American Ambassador Spiro Agnew by Marxist-Leninists as the start of the Turkish Years of Lead.
1972: Start of the Cyprus War between Greece-backed National Guard government, and Turkish-backed Makarios III government.
1973: New American President Kennedy brokers peace in Cyprus, with the island adapting the ‘Belgian Model’. Greek Junta falls and is replaced with return to democracy, while Demirel III government also falls in favor of a technocratic government.
1973 - 1974: Tekin Arıburun (Independent)
1973: Involvement of CIA in training far-right paramilitary groups in Turkey and Italy revealed during Church Committee. Idealist Party loses popularity, and is increasingly pushed to the fringes with street politics more and more dominated by left-wing actors, primarily led by young activists Deniz Gezmiş and Mahir Çayan.
1974: CHP and TİP make gains across Turkey in the local elections, with the latter almost sweeping the Southeastern border provinces.
1974 - 1975: Bülent Ecevit (Republican People’s)
1974 (Ecevit I: Coalition) def. Süleyman Demirel (Justice), Behice Boran (Turkey’s Workers’), Necmettin Erbakan (National Salvation), Ekrem Alican (United Turkey)
1974: CHP and TİP win 47% of the MPs together, though Ecevit refuses to form a government with the far-left party, fearing both USSR-influence, and possibility of an American-backed military coup.
1975: Government reveals secret coup attempt by military two years prior. Gradual decline of military power over civilian politics during next few years.
1975: Borhan resigns as party leader, and is replaced by popular Diyarbakir MP Mehdi Zana. CHP and other parties start dogwhistle campaign in Istanbul warning TİP voters against de-Turkification of the party.
1975 - 1977: Süleyman Demirel (Justice)
1975: Ecevit government collapses after disagreement on reaction to Islamist revolution in Syria. Demirel forms new government with other non-leftist parties, and CHP dissidents.
1976: PCI forms government in Italy. Berlinguer becomes first communist leader in Western world.
1976: May Day celebrations in Istanbul attended by over 500.000 people. Slogans calling for establishment of national healthcare system dominate protests. Protests led by Istanbul TİP MP Deniz Gezmiş.
1977: United Turkey party pulls back from government over worries about de-secularization after Demirel’s declaration to concede to wishes of Erbakan and National Salvation Party, and allow for some state funding of religious universities.
1977 - 1978: Bülent Ecevit
1977 (Ecevit II: Popular Front Coalition) def. Süleyman Demirel (Justice), Mehdi Zana (Turkey’s Workers’), Necmettin Erbakan (National Salvation)
1977: Day following formation of Popular Front government, Chief of General Staff Nurettin Ersin threatens government on live television with “possibility of anarchy” if new government decides to stray away from Turkey’s “Kemalist Western attitudes”.
1977: Minister of Labor Deniz Gezmiş (TİP) narrowly escape assassination attempt. Would be assassin later revealed to be former party member, who was distraught over party’s rejection of seeking closer relations with the Madame Mao Government.
1977: Minister of Defense (TİP) Mahir Çayan’s secret meeting with Cuban leader Fidel Castro in Sofia leaked to Turkish press, who increase fear mongering campaign of imminent communist revolution.
1977: Members of Turkish Armed Forces and Demirel cabinet hold secret meeting with American officials, among which Texas Senator George Bush, promising aid and support for a coup if Ecevit continues to support on “communistic socialist path”, though also warn against imminent action due to President Kennedy’s preference for dialogue with left-wing governments in France, Italy, Spain and Turkey.
1978: in face-to-face meeting with Turkish PM Ecevit, President Kennedy tells counterpart that he can not guarantee that he will be able to hold “deep state in line”.
1978 - 1978: Süleyman Demirel (Justice)
1978: Military coup overthrows Ecevit government, with multiple prominent members, among which both party leaders Ecevit and Zana, killed by armed forces. Demirel installed as acting PM. Trade Unions, led by radical left-wing DİSK, start general strike, while arms secretly flow in from Georgian- and Armenian SSR to left-wing provinces of Ardahan and Kars.
1978 - 1978: Necdet Ürüğ (Military)
1978: Demirel replaced by military junta after former’s inability to inspire support for coup, as well as seeming disinterest in committing to new military-led government.
1978: Turkey’s Workers’ Party and left-wing faction of Republican People’s Party declare formation of rival government in Yozgat. Deniz Gezmiş chosen as acting PM due to popularity, though most power was held by Mahir Çayan.
1978: Military evacuation from Istanbul fails, as strikers take over arms and tanks.
1978: Meeting between prominent Kurdish members of TİP in Diyarbakir, led by Abdullah Öcalan, leads to declaration of autonomous Kurdish state within revolutionary Turkey. Gezmiş and Çayan announce supprot for an autonomous Kurdistan, while military government attempts to use it as propaganda to shore up support with increasingly hostile Anatolians.
1978: Mahir Çayan assassinated by far-right guerillas. Deniz Gezmiş becomes undisputed leader of leftist Turkey.
1978: Fall of right-leaning city of Antep to communists tilts civil war decisively in favor of revolutionary government. Junta members flee to Izmir, and from there flee to Greece, though several are stopped by the Navy, who pledged loyalty to the new government after seeing the writing on the wall.
1978 - 2004: Deniz Gezmiş (Revolutionary Workers’)
1978: Republic of Turkey passes new constitution, keeping the country’s name, but making the country explicitly Marxist-Leninist, and also moving away from Western sphere. Trade Unionist Kemal Türker becomes (still mostly ceremonial) President, while Deniz Gezmiş is inaugurated as Prime Minister, and General Secretary of the Revolutionary Workers’ Party. Abdullah Öcalan elected as Chairman of Kurdish Autonomous Republic.
1978: USSR announces that Turkey falls under its nuclear umbrella, with the country joining the Warsaw Pact the next year. Gezmiş resists calls from government members to form own nuclear arsenal.
1978: ‘Loss of Turkey’ causes devastating losses for Democrats in midterms. Bush seen as favorite for 1980 election.
1979: Start of first Five Year Plan with mixed results, as industrial output grew, but would be outweighed by increasing sanctions against Communist Turkey.
1979: German-American attempt to overthrow Turkish government by arming Turkish guest workers in Germany hilariously fails. German Chancellor Strauss forced to resign and call for elections. New government led by SPD coalition with pacifist NEU Party reopens relationships with Turkey, paving the way for West European acceptance of Turkish regime.
1980: George Bush elected President of the US. Takes tougher stance on Turkey.
1981: Turkish-Israeli relationships completely breakdown after Palestinian militias are given training camps in Turkish Kurdistan.
1982: USSR General Secretary Suslov announces intervention in Afghanistan, with Turkey sending some ‘advisors’ to mountainous nation.
1983: Doğu Perinçek and other Maoists officially kicked out of party. Perinçek and his Patriot movement would flee to Iran, where they would be backed by American dollars.
1984: Turkish Workers’ Party is declared illegal by the Cypriot Supreme Court, nearly sparking a war between NATO and the Warsaw Pact.
1987: Bulgaria announces decision to leave Warsaw Pact due to USSR picking Turkey’s side in conflicts between the two countries.
1987: President Bush forced to resign after the Great Opium Scandal, revealing that the President had been aware that planes filled with arms sent by the US to Islamist rebels in Afghanistan came back with opium, which was sold in American inner cities.
1988: General Secretary Romanov meets with President Curb. Start of thawing of relations between the countries, and fall of communism in Europe.
1992: Worsening relations between Turkey and the USSR leads to closing of border between the two countries.
1993: Fall of Berlin Wall and dissolution of USSR. Turkey de jure left as only Marxist-Leninist state in Europe.
1995: Start of Great Caucasian War, as Turkish-backed communists in Georgia and Azerbaijan fight against American-Iranian backed anti-communists in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkey. War becomes infamous for constantly changing alliances, and high civilian casualties, as all sides accuse each other of genocide.
1996: Abdullah Öcalan flees to the United States, becoming the most prominent Turkish political refugee up to date. Over the next years Öcalan would renounce socialism, and become a committed right-libertarian, forming a close relationship with controversial California Congressman Tucker Carlson.
1997: Turkey backs Islamist militias in Bosnia against Croatia despite ideological differences. Start of Turkey’s pro-Muslim turn, as (Sunni) Muslim majority nations are given preferential treatment, despite Turkey’s strict adherence to state atheism.
2000: Fmr. President George Bush’s son Jeb wins American Presidential Election.
2001: In inauguration speech new President Bush threatens Turkey and other “undemocratic countries”.
2003: Start of American invasion of Turkey.
2004: American troops take Ankara, with Turkish leader Gezmiş passing away during the shielding of the city.
2004 - 2004: Rudy Giuliani (Republican) [Acting]
2004 - 2005: Besim Tibuk (Liberal Democrat)
2004 def. Doğu Perinçek (Patriot)
2005: Prime Minister Tibuk forced to resign after leaks of him trying to sell the Turkish Soviet Building to the Bush family.
2005 - 2009: Veli Küçük (Independent)
2007: The Turkish Red Army takes back the cities of Izmir and Ankara, leading to the war effort losing popularity in the US.
2009: New American President Elizabeth Ananina pledges gradual exit out of Turkey.
2009 - 0000: Erkan Baş (Revolutionary Workers’)
2009: Communist Turkish government retakes Ankara.




List of Presidents of the United States of America:

1963 - 1969: Lyndon B. Johnson (Democrat)
1964 (with Hubert H. Humphrey) def. Barry Goldwater (Rwpublican)
1969 - 1973: Richard Nixon (Republican)
1968 (with Charles H. Percy) def. Hubert Humphrey (Democrat), George Wallace (American Independent)
1973 - 1981: Ted Kennedy (Democrat)
1972 (with Ed Muskie) def. Richard Nixon (Republican), George Wallace (American Independent)
1976 (with Ed Muskie) def. Ronald Reagan (Republican), Edward Brooke (Moderate)
1981 - 1987: George Bush (Republican)
1980 (with Gerald Ford) def. Ed Muskie (Democrat)
1984 (with Michael Curb) def. Shirley Hufstedler [replacing Henry Jackson] (Democrat)
1987 - 1988: Michael Curb (Republican)
1988 - 1989: Michael Curb (Libertarian)
1989 - 1997: Raymond Flynn (Democrat)
1988 (with David H. Gambrell) def. Howard Baker (Republican), Michael Curb (Libertarian)
1992 (with David H. Gambrell) def. Clint Eastwood (Libertarian), Pat Buchanan (Republican)
1997 - 2001: Randy Daniels (Democrat)
1996 (with Steve Beshear) def. Mitch McConnell (Republican)
2001 - 2009: Jeb Bush (Republican)
2000 (with Dan Coats) def. Steve Beshear (Democrat)
2004 (with Dan Coats) def. Paul Pelosi (Democrat), Martie Maguire (Get Out of Turkey Now)
2009 - 0000: Elizabeth Anania (Democrat)
2008 (with John Street) def. Terry Miller (Republican), Tucker Carlson (Libertarian)

 

[AlfieJ]

1979-1987: Margaret Thatcher (Conservative)
1979 (Majority): James Callaghan (Labour), David Steel (Liberal)
1983 (Majority): Michael Foot (Labour), Roy Jenkins and David Steel (SDP-Liberal Alliance)*
1987-1990: David Steel (Liberal)
1987 (Liberal-SDP Alliance-Labour, later Liberal-Labour coalition): Neil Kinnock (Labour), Margaret Thatcher (Conservative)
1990-1994: Michael Heseltine (Conservative)
1990 (Conservative-Independent Social Democrat coalition): David Steel (Liberal)-Neil Kinnock (Labour) [‘Progressive Alliance’], David Owen (Independent Social Democrat), Tony Benn (Socialist Movement)
1994-1999: David Steel (Liberal)
1994 (Liberal-Labour ‘Progressive Alliance’ coalition): Michael Heseltine (Conservative), Neil Kinnock (Labour), Alan Simpson (Socialist-Green Movement), David Owen (Independent Social Democrat)
1999-2000: Paddy Ashdown (Liberal)


The 1983-87 by-election swing averages plays out in the election and Thatcher’s Conservative Party are annihilated. Due to the eccentricities of the voting system Labour is able to gain nearly 50 seats despite still coming third and barely increasing their abysmal 1983 performance. The Liberals sweep the Tory target seats of the home counties and celtic fringe, while the SDP make few inroads against a solid, if poor, Labour vote. The result is David Steel’s Liberals dominating the Alliance, and the Owenite SDP is forced to accept (at least for a few years) a coalition government with Kinnock’s Labour Party. For all the bluster of refusing the insult of a junior coalition position, Kinnock is able to basically hector Labour’s NEC into accepting the reality of the situation, the ‘duty of every Labour member to deny the Conservatives state power’ and the opportunity to lock them out forever.

Electoral reform is passed relatively easily, talks of a formal merger and consolidation of the Alliance becomes unnecessary when Chancellor of the Exchequer Roy Jenkins and Shirley Williams unilaterally announce their intention to simply join the Liberal Party. Most of the rest of the PSDP follow suit, besides Owen and his hardcore gang of six. Already humiliated with an isolated cabinet post and reportedly called ‘a shit’ by Foreign Secretary Denis Healey, Owen pulls out of the coalition entirely by 1989 and a year later is finally Foreign Secretary again under Heseltine.

The ‘Progressive Alliance’ established between Kinnock and Steel is never really formalized as a distinct political party, because that would be too much of a headache, but the Liberal and Labour parties haven’t competed against each other in a general election for forty years.


*In 1983 Roy Jenkins was the Prime Minister-designate of the SDP-Liberal Alliance, while the position did not exist in 1987 between Owen and Steel, the 1987 election saw the Liberal party by far the largest party, and as such David Steel the obvious choice for Prime Minister. This was owed largely to the decline of the Conservative vote and the relative solidity of Labour’s vote since 1983.

 

[Time Enough]

Alan Simpson (Socialist-Green Movement)

Ah nice, that’s pretty cool. A good hipster choice for the lead of a Green Left party.

Love the list (love some 90s Progressive Alliance action).

 

[aaa]

1979-1987: Margaret Thatcher (Conservative)
1979 (Majority): James Callaghan (Labour), David Steel (Liberal)
1983 (Majority): Michael Foot (Labour), Roy Jenkins and David Steel (SDP-Liberal Alliance)*
1987-1990: David Steel (Liberal)
1987 (Liberal-SDP Alliance-Labour, later Liberal-Labour coalition): Neil Kinnock (Labour), Margaret Thatcher (Conservative)
1990-1994: Michael Heseltine (Conservative)
1990 (Conservative-Independent Social Democrat coalition): David Steel (Liberal)-Neil Kinnock (Labour) [‘Progressive Alliance’], David Owen (Independent Social Democrat), Tony Benn (Socialist Movement)
1994-1999: David Steel (Liberal)
1994 (Liberal-Labour ‘Progressive Alliance’ coalition): Michael Heseltine (Conservative), Neil Kinnock (Labour), Alan Simpson (Socialist-Green Movement), David Owen (Independent Social Democrat)
1999-2000: Paddy Ashdown (Liberal)


The 1983-87 by-election swing averages plays out in the election and Thatcher’s Conservative Party are annihilated. Due to the eccentricities of the voting system Labour is able to gain nearly 50 seats despite still coming third and barely increasing their abysmal 1983 performance. The Liberals sweep the Tory target seats of the home counties and celtic fringe, while the SDP make few inroads against a solid, if poor, Labour vote. The result is David Steel’s Liberals dominating the Alliance, and the Owenite SDP is forced to accept (at least for a few years) a coalition government with Kinnock’s Labour Party. For all the bluster of refusing the insult of a junior coalition position, Kinnock is able to basically hector Labour’s NEC into accepting the reality of the situation, the ‘duty of every Labour member to deny the Conservatives state power’ and the opportunity to lock them out forever.

Electoral reform is passed relatively easily, talks of a formal merger and consolidation of the Alliance becomes unnecessary when Chancellor of the Exchequer Roy Jenkins and Shirley Williams unilaterally announce their intention to simply join the Liberal Party. Most of the rest of the PSDP follow suit, besides Owen and his hardcore gang of six. Already humiliated with an isolated cabinet post and reportedly called ‘a shit’ by Foreign Secretary Denis Healey, Owen pulls out of the coalition entirely by 1989 and a year later is finally Foreign Secretary again under Heseltine.

The ‘Progressive Alliance’ established between Kinnock and Steel is never really formalized as a distinct political party, because that would be too much of a headache, but the Liberal and Labour parties haven’t competed against each other in a general election for forty years.


*In 1983 Roy Jenkins was the Prime Minister-designate of the SDP-Liberal Alliance, while the position did not exist in 1987 between Owen and Steel, the 1987 election saw the Liberal party by far the largest party, and as such David Steel the obvious choice for Prime Minister. This was owed largely to the decline of the Conservative vote and the relative solidity of Labour’s vote since 1983.

Interesting scenario--I wonder whether this may lead to rotation governments among the Liberals and Labour.

 

[AlfieJ]

Interesting scenario--I wonder whether this may lead to rotation governments among the Liberals and Labour.

Thank you, it’s a good point. What I hope the list captures (from a relatively speculative PoD) is how even when it experiences shocks, the Westminster system tends to be relatively robust and usually the more boring outcome wins out. In this instance the Liberal takeover of the alliance and the lack of a formalised merger of Lib Lab is a case in point of how these things usually muddle on.

 

[Thande]

Here's another 'ASB rules' one, although it's barely plausible that some variant of this kind of idea could exist. Let's see if people can guess what's going on here, and if not I'll reveal it in a day or two.

List of Presidents of the United States
01. 1789-1793: Edmund J. Randolph (Independent)
02. 1793-1797: Thomas Mifflin (Independent)
03. 1797-1801: Samuel Ashe (Anti-Federalist)
04. 1801-1805: James Monroe (Democratic-Republican)
05. 1805-1809: Thomas McKean (Democratic-Republican)
06. 1809-1817: Daniel D. Tompkins (Democratic-Republican) [2 terms]
07. 1817-1821: James P. Preston (Democratic-Republican)
08. 1821-1825: DeWitt Clinton (Democratic-Republican)
09. 1825-1829: John A. Shulze (Democratic-Republican)
10. 1829-1830: William B. Giles† (Democratic-Republican)
11. 1830-1833: Enos T. Throop (Democratic)
12. 1833-1837: George Wolf (Democratic)
13. 1837-1841: Wyndham Robertson (Whig)
14. 1841-1845: William H. Seward (Whig)
15. 1845-1848: Francis R. Shunk† (Democratic)
16. 1848-1849: William Bebb (Whig)
17. 1849-1853: William Smith (Democratic)
18. 1853-1857: Washington Hunt (Whig)
19. 1857-1861: James Pollock (Whig)
20. 1861-1865: Edwin D. Morgan (Republican)
21. 1865-1869: Andrew G. Curtin (Republican)
22. 1869-1873: Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican)
23. 1873-1877: John T. Hoffman (Democratic)
24. 1877-1881: John F. Hartranft (Republican)
25. 1881-1885: Alonzo B. Cornell (Republican)
26: 1885-1889: Robert E. Pattison (Democratic)
27: 1889-1893: Joseph B. Foraker (Republican)
28: 1893-1897: Roswell P. Flower (Democratic)
29: 1897-1901: Daniel H. Hastings (Republican)
30: 1901-1905: Theodore Roosevelt (Republican)
31: 1905-1909: Samuel W. Pennypacker (Republican)
32: 1909-1913: Charles S. Deneen (Republican)
33: 1913-1917: John A. Dix (Democratic)
34: 1917-1921: Martin G. Brumbaugh (Republican)
35: 1921-1925: Al Smith (Democratic)
36: 1925-1929: Gifford Pinchot (Republican)
37: 1929-1933: Lennington Small (Republican)
38: 1933-1937: Herbert H. Lehman (Democratic)
39: 1937-1941: George Howard Earle III (Democratic)
40: 1941-1945: Herbert H. Lehman (Democratic) [2nd term]
41: 1945-1949: Edward Martin (Republican)
42: 1949-1953: Dwight H. Green (Republican)
43: 1953-1957: Thomas E. Dewey (Republican)
44: 1957-1961: Goodwin Knight (Republican)
45: 1961-1965: Nelson Rockefeller (Republican)
46: 1965-1969: Pat Brown (Democratic)
47: 1969-1973: Raymond P. Shafer (Republican)
48: 1973-1977: Ronald Reagan (Republican)
49: 1977-1981: Hugh Carey (Democratic)
50: 1981-1985: Jerry Brown (Democratic)
51: 1985-1989: Mario Cuomo (Democratic)
52: 1989-1993: Bill Clements (Republican)
53: 1993-1997: Pete Wilson (Republican)
54: 1997-2001: George Pataki (Republican)
55: 2001-2005: Gray Davis (Democratic)
56: 2005-2009: Rick Perry (Republican)
57: 2009-2013: David Paterson (Democratic)
58: 2013-2017: Jerry Brown (Democratic) [2nd term]
59: 2017-2021: Greg Abbott (Republican)
60: 2021-202?: Gavin Newsom (Democratic)

 

[Fleetlord]

Here's another 'ASB rules' one, although it's barely plausible that some variant of this kind of idea could exist. Let's see if people can guess what's going on here, and if not I'll reveal it in a day or two.

List of Presidents of the United States
01. 1789-1793: Edmund J. Randolph (Independent)
02. 1793-1797: Thomas Mifflin (Independent)
03. 1797-1801: Samuel Ashe (Anti-Federalist)
04. 1801-1805: James Monroe (Democratic-Republican)
05. 1805-1809: Thomas McKean (Democratic-Republican)
06. 1809-1817: Daniel D. Tompkins (Democratic-Republican) [2 terms]
07. 1817-1821: James P. Preston (Democratic-Republican)
08. 1821-1825: DeWitt Clinton (Democratic-Republican)
09. 1825-1829: John A. Shulze (Democratic-Republican)
10. 1829-1830: William B. Giles† (Democratic-Republican)
11. 1830-1833: Enos T. Throop (Democratic)
12. 1833-1837: George Wolf (Democratic)
13. 1837-1841: Wyndham Robertson (Whig)
14. 1841-1845: William H. Seward (Whig)
15. 1845-1848: Francis R. Shunk† (Democratic)
16. 1848-1849: William Bebb (Whig)
17. 1849-1853: William Smith (Democratic)
18. 1853-1857: Washington Hunt (Whig)
19. 1857-1861: James Pollock (Whig)
20. 1861-1865: Edwin D. Morgan (Republican)
21. 1865-1869: Andrew G. Curtin (Republican)
22. 1869-1873: Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican)
23. 1873-1877: John T. Hoffman (Democratic)
24. 1877-1881: John F. Hartranft (Republican)
25. 1881-1885: Alonzo B. Cornell (Republican)
26: 1885-1889: Robert E. Pattison (Democratic)
27: 1889-1893: Joseph B. Foraker (Republican)
28: 1893-1897: Roswell P. Flower (Democratic)
29: 1897-1901: Daniel H. Hastings (Republican)
30: 1901-1905: Theodore Roosevelt (Republican)
31: 1905-1909: Samuel W. Pennypacker (Republican)
32: 1909-1913: Charles S. Deneen (Republican)
33: 1913-1917: John A. Dix (Democratic)
34: 1917-1921: Martin G. Brumbaugh (Republican)
35: 1921-1925: Al Smith (Democratic)
36: 1925-1929: Gifford Pinchot (Republican)
37: 1929-1933: Lennington Small (Republican)
38: 1933-1937: Herbert H. Lehman (Democratic)
39: 1937-1941: George Howard Earle III (Democratic)
40: 1941-1945: Herbert H. Lehman (Democratic) [2nd term]
41: 1945-1949: Edward Martin (Republican)
42: 1949-1953: Dwight H. Green (Republican)
43: 1953-1957: Thomas E. Dewey (Republican)
44: 1957-1961: Goodwin Knight (Republican)
45: 1961-1965: Nelson Rockefeller (Republican)
46: 1965-1969: Pat Brown (Democratic)
47: 1969-1973: Raymond P. Shafer (Republican)
48: 1973-1977: Ronald Reagan (Republican)
49: 1977-1981: Hugh Carey (Democratic)
50: 1981-1985: Jerry Brown (Democratic)
51: 1985-1989: Mario Cuomo (Democratic)
52: 1989-1993: Bill Clements (Republican)
53: 1993-1997: Pete Wilson (Republican)
54: 1997-2001: George Pataki (Republican)
55: 2001-2005: Gray Davis (Democratic)
56: 2005-2009: Rick Perry (Republican)
57: 2009-2013: David Paterson (Democratic)
58: 2013-2017: Jerry Brown (Democratic) [2nd term]
59: 2017-2021: Greg Abbott (Republican)
60: 2021-202?: Gavin Newsom (Democratic)

In general the prevalence of New York and Pennsylvania Governors (and later Texans and Californians) makes me think it's something like "Electoral Votes are cast by Governors, the President is the Governor of the largest state with the correct party alignment".

But I'm stuck on the switch from Lehman to Earle and back, since Lehman was a Governor that whole time.

 

[Luke_Starkiller]

Richard Nixon tries to pull a galaxy-brain move on Southern Dems to prevent his impeachment. It doesn't work.

1969-1974: Richard Nixon (Republican)
with Spiro Agnew 1968 def.: Hubert Humphrey / Ed Muskie (Democratic); George Wallace / Curtis LeMay (American Independent)
with Spiro Agnew 1972 def.: George McGovern / Sargent Shriver (Democratic)
1974-1977: Edward Brooke (Republican)
1977-1981: Ronald Reagan (Republican)
with Howard Baker 1976 def.: George Wallace / Louis Stokes (Democratic); Eugene McCarthy / Pete McCloskey (Independent)

 

[Excelsior]

In general the prevalence of New York and Pennsylvania Governors (and later Texans and Californians) makes me think it's something like "Electoral Votes are cast by Governors, the President is the Governor of the largest state with the correct party alignment".

But I'm stuck on the switch from Lehman to Earle and back, since Lehman was a Governor that whole time.

Perhaps governor who won the most votes or biggest margin of victory in the prior elections?