The work of politics has never come easy for Tom Mulcair. He's often one of the most intelligent people in whatever room he's standing in, and not exactly what one would call charming, especially compared to some within his cabinet. Although comfortable in a debate or a political fistfight, he often appears out of his depth when trying to connect with voters. He's not really one of them, and his time as Prime Minister only deepened the rift between the NDP leader and the public he was trying to represent. His hair was greyer, thinner. He was getting fat. His beard, a staple of his public image and a favourite branding tool of his party, had become a lot less brown in the preceding few years, betraying the stress and strain of the job that had become increasingly difficult. The PMO, which has historically been occupied by some real talents like Hugh Segal for Brian Mulroney or Jean Pelletier for Jean Chretien, had increasingly become occupied by sycophants and trusted acolytes. Criticism of the boss was criticism of them, and that would not, or more likely, could not be tolerated. Yet the Prime Minister, ever the introvert, was more and more dependent on them. Hard times wear leaders out.
New Democrats had ridden a wave of historical discontent to power in 2015 after spending the last fifty-four years existing only as a political spoiler. New Democrats weren't meant to win on the federal level, and nobody believed that it was possible. Voters parked their vote with the New Democrats to send the Liberals a message, not to actually elect Dippers. Because of that, by definition they were a different type of government, since they were the first truly new government in the country's history. But as a result, they were more cautious and scripted. More concerned about the perception of things. Worried about making even the tiniest of missteps. Fearful of proving the old consensus right; that New Democrats just weren't ready for power. Hanging on and even thriving in power meant the party had to grow up, and quick. Despite enacting a carbon-pricing scheme, raising taxes on higher-income earners and lowering them for the rest, working to heal divisions between the government and the Indigenous community, passing a popular childcare program, a historically unpopular Conservative leader and arguably the most controversial Liberal leader in Canada's history, the New Democrats were only able to squeak out the narrowest of majorities in 2017. The math was always going to be difficult for them. Unless they became the new voice of the Canadian center, the math would continue to put them at a disadvantage. This attitude was what many Mulcair-opponents had a problem with. Why tact to the mushy middle? Although a lot of his critics liked to point out that he was a little too much like Stephen Harper at times, one Harper-era strategy they wanted Mulcair to embrace was his predecessor's ability to move the center of Canadian politics more in-line with his party, rather than the other way around. Stop trying to seek compromise with the Premiers on the carbon-pricing scheme and just impose a national plan. Abolish the Senate and tell his opponents to go to hell. Ditch First-Past-the-Post and bring in Proportional Representation. Give the voters something, anything, to rally behind, even if it was polarizing. It was ironic that the Prime Minister who led the first ever federal New Democratic government was resigned to avoid anything controversial. Mulcair wasn't a dyed in the wool socialist like Svend Robinson. He was barely what one would consider a social democrat. He was a pragmatist. To him it was a necessity, considering the circumstances.
As he liked to remind his critics, unlike so many others in his government and in his party Mulcair could actually point to real government experience, as opposed to a career in opposition. He served in Jean Charest's provincial government in Quebec in the Environment portfolio. Mulcair knew what levers to pull, which special interest groups needed to be consulted, where the bathrooms were in parliament. He was the Prime Minister of the most politically inexperienced government in Canadian history, save for a few others who had either, like him, served in provincial governments or had opted to cross over from the Liberals. If this experiment was going to work, Mulcair's word had to be law. Fast-forward to the present, and the upper echelons of the party hierarchy resembled group think; harmony, no internal debates on divisive issues, a conformity on viewpoints at the expense of people who might offer an alternative view than the Prime Minister's. Nathan Cullen, Mulcair's first Finance Minister and obvious heir-apparent, had earned a dour reputation in the PMO. He wanted to spend more and go into deficit spending. Mulcair and those he surrounded himself with didn't. Cullen decided he had enough of being told what to do and how to think in Ottawa and left to take the reins of the BC NDP.
The best that the old guard and bright-eyed backbenchers could hope for was the Cold War begun by Svend Robinson and his caucus-within-a-caucus, the NDP Community Group. Sure, with how fragile the majority was Mulcair had been forced to make some concessions to them. Ease back on some of the centrism. Criticize big business every once and awhile. But nobody realistically thought that they'd get anything more than that, like with Harper and social conservatives. Platitudes and little else. Mulcair was the man who had brought them to power, and so long as he kept winning, they'd follow his lead.
Or so the story would go.
Aside from the frustrations over policy, the power of the PMO, and the disaster that was the resignation former Supreme Court Justice Mary Ellen Turpel-Lafond, a growing number of New Democrats were getting tired of fundraising. Ministers were expected to use a significant portion of their time to raise money for the party. NDP fundraisers were a strange and often oxymoronic thing, considering the party liked to parade around the fact that it thrived off of money donated by Canadians, not big business. But Ministers were expected to attend nonetheless, their presence meant to not only make those who had already donated feel special, but attract new donors as well. If the NDP were to replace the Liberals permanently they needed to lock down the people who wrote the latter cheques. Mark Carney was a big name in those circles, and unless the New Democrats wanted to fall back to third place and irrelevance, they needed to get used to the meet and greets if they wanted to at least stay competitive. Tom Mulcair proudly led the charge by example. Infamously he attended an event hosted by a Chinese business executive with ties to Beijing for a $1,500 per person fundraiser. One of those guests would later donate a pretty hefty sum to the Douglas Coldwell Layton Foundation, raising further questions about the government allowing cash-for-access. When backbencher Garry Begg let it slip to reporters that he was "troubled" by the circumstances of the fundraiser, he was stripped of his spot on the Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security. Consensus by coercion cried the opposition. Begg later announced his intention to retire at the next election. So, messaged sent and received.
Opposing this consensus with distain was Jason Kenney and the Conservatives. Much like the NDP, the modern Tory strategy was increasingly reliant on intentional polarization. Central to both their fundraising was raising the specter of what would happen if the other side got their way. For the Tories, this meant out-of-control government, anti-free enterprise legislation, being made to feel ashamed or un-Canadian for their beliefs, and socialism. Tom Mulcair was no pragmatist, but rather a puppet for big unions and the extremists in his caucus. And on and on it went. This was comfortable rhetoric for Kenney, who had cut his teeth in the era of the Reform Party and Canadian Alliance. Although he was thoroughly an Ottawa politician, unlike Mulcair he could at least comfortably speak to his base. Slap on a pair of blue jeans and a cowboy hat and Jason Kenney at least appeared like he belonged at the Calgary Stampede. After losing his first kick at the can in 2017, Kenney set about the work of rebuilding the Conservative Party into a competitive, post-Harper political machine. His supporters would tell reporters and worrisome backbenchers in caucus that it was in fact the Liberals who had given the NDP their majority, not them. Never mind the fact that those soft Liberals had chosen to vote NDP over Conservative. Four years under the New Democrats would convince most Canadians how poor a decision it would be. The upstart Western Freedom Party, whose sole purpose appeared to be to split the right-of-center vote, had sprung up in direct opposition to Kenney. Leaders Derek Fildbrandt and later Steven Fletcher would say that Jason Kenney was too much like Tom Mulcair. The Prime Minister and most voters who tuned in to politics begged to differ. What everyone could agree on was simple; if Kenney couldn't defeat the NDP in 2021, he was facing a full-fledged mutiny. It was tough to straddle the line between appeasing fire-spitting conservatives and a more moderate public, and at times Kenney's attempts left both sides looking for more. There were even rumours of an attempted coup in the works should Kenney once again fall short at the polls. Despite it all, the Tory leader would just smile, get back in his blue pickup truck, and drive off to his next scheduled pre-campaign event.
Inside the office of the Leader of the Opposition, the mantra was "Keep Calm and Energize Bunny on".
Third in the House of Commons but first according to most polls was Mark Carney and the Liberals. Carney was no Energizer Bunny, and he wasn't exactly what one could call a career politician. The job most Canadians knew him from was his stint as the Governor of the Bank of Canada during the 2008 global financial crisis, and more recently as the Governor of the Bank of England. A feat without precedent, making him a rockstar of the banking world, if such a thing existed. Because of these jobs Carney was the type of man used to making decisions, not slogans. He wanted to be setting policy, not playing games or arguing why he was the best candidate to be Prime Minister. It was obvious that for once Tom Mulcair was no longer the smartest man in the room, and that would be enough for satisfy voters and their questions. For the first year of Carney's leadership, that seemed to be the case. Polls showed the Liberals leapfrogging both the NDP and the Conservatives into first place, a position they hadn't help consistently since the initial days of Justin Trudeau's leadership. The party wasn't eager to repeat that mistake. Carney wasn't the type to be interested in the House of Commons, what with its theatrics and slow-moving procedures. Sure, he'd make the effort to show up for important votes and deliver the attack lines written up by his staff, but otherwise he wanted to be out in real Canada, speaking to real Canadians. Sick of polarization and do-nothing politics? So was Mark Carney. Tired of both the NDP and the Tories offering empty slogans? So was Mark Carney. The Liberal leader would remark to his staff just how surprised he was that so many people he met were on the same page as him, clearly forgetting that not every single Canadian was a Liberal partisan. To a card carrying Liberal, it didn't matter that their leader's statements often sounded like it was written by a bunch of refrigerator magnets shook up in a Ziploc bag. What mattered was that Mark Carney wasn't Justin Trudeau. He was an adult, with greying hair, and knew how markets worked. COVID-19 had temporarily breathed new momentum into the NDP's sails, but Liberal insiders were confident that the technocratic Carney had a plan.
Meanwhile it was the New Democrats' plan was to turn the election into a referendum on vaccination mandates. If you listened to some NDP MPs talk, you'd be forgiven to think that they were almost happy that the country had been dragged into a global pandemic, that jobs were lost, and that the economy was thrown into turmoil. But a lot of those MPs or self-described Progressives, saw it as a once in a lifetime opportunity to redefine the role of government for a new era. A crisis should never go to waste, and big challenges required a big vision, big government and even bigger spending. Again, the biggest obstacle for many NDPers was their leader. Tom Mulcair wanted the election strategy to be more nuanced, and less about making drastic changes. People were struggling to buy groceries; he would say when someone would mention the need for the government to invest in new green energy. The government needed to focus on that. But even pragmatic, noncontroversial Mulcair had to acknowledge the energy that was coming from his party's base. So, when he stood in front of Rideau Hall on September 8, 2021, after having asked Governor General Mary Simon to dissolve parliament, he was uncharacteristically hyperbolic. He told reporters that this election was a choice, and that on one end you had an NDP government saving Canadians lives, and on the other Conservatives prepared to put them in jeopardy. Life or death stakes. The Liberals? Old news, according to the Prime Minister. They were led by an out-of-touch banker, hardly the type of person you wanted leading a government in a time of crisis for the middle class. It was all well and good and would've sounded like a fairly strong campaign strategy from a well-credentialed progressive. Coming from Tom Mulcair, the guy who had argued for balanced budgets and responsible spending, it sounded like he was reading off of someone else's script. In many ways he was.
A couple blocks over in the riding of Ottawa-Vanier, where Mark Carney was challenging incumbent NDP MP Emilie Taman, the Liberal leader tried to appear like he was outraged at the whole situation. He told the assembled crowd of Liberal partisans and observing reporters that in order to get the country on track, the federal government needed a plan. A plan to get through the COVID-19 pandemic, a plan to rebuild the economy, and a plan to bring the country together. According to Carney the NDP didn't have a plan. He did. Trust him on that. But voters would have to wait on the specific of that plan until the Liberals released their platform in a few weeks’ time. Why not release it now, reporters asked. Carney would just smile and talk about how the parliamentary budget office needed time to review and cost it. Then he'd go back to criticizing the government and their lack of a plan. Even the party's slogan, "A Country for Everyone" felt like it was designed to be as bland and vague as possible, just like the leader himself. Despite having the last two years to introduce himself to voters, Carney was still banking on voters to know him from his last two jobs, rather than the one he currently had. His opening campaign salvo, like Mulcair, appeared overly scripted and rehearsed. Although, considering what had happened to Carney's predecessor, being overly scripted was understandable. Carney also had to deal with the fact that, like the New Democrats, there were many within his party that wanted the Liberals to go big and bold and outmaneuver the NDP on the left. It was tempting, and Carney was planning on making some big green policy announcements, but he was a pragmatist too. If Canada was going to emerge from this crisis, it needed to do so on sound financial footing. Spending like drunken sailors wasn't going to achieve that.
The only leader who seemed at least comfortable with going big and bold was Jason Kenney. It made sense, since this was Kenney's second and likely last kick at the can before potentially getting dumped by his party. He and his team had spent the last several months getting all three-hundred-and-thirty-eight candidates nominated across the country. The platform, which was ready to be released the moment the Tories heard back from the Parliamentary Budget Officer, called for a big ramping up government spending on everything from infrastructure to healthcare. Ten billion dollars’ worth of ramping up in some cases. According to Kenney it was the only way to deal with the triple threat of the pandemic, shrinkage of the global economy, and the collapse in energy prices. A New Deal for Canadians, as he called it. Vaguely socialist sounding to many lifelong fiscal conservatives. For them Kenney promised to cut corporate tax rates by half to stimulate economic growth and woo new investments. It was a gamble that was in part aided by the fact that the upstart Western Freedom Party, which had been billed as a serious threat to Conservative unity, had floundered since its inception. Its sole MP in the House of Commons, Steven Fletcher, had launched a successful coup against founder and inaugural leader, Derek Fildebrandt. But Fletcher wasn't exactly a spellbinding messenger for the angry, vaccination-skeptical right in the way his predecessor was, and the party continued to flounder in the polls. The Tories' plan to provide financial incentives to get vaccinated but oppose mandatory mandates was their hail marry pass to strike a compromise. People had a right to make choices for their body, not the government. No matter what Kenney and the Tories did, they were going to get labeled as anti-vaxxers, anti-choice, and pro-populists akin to Mike Huckabee and the Republicans down south. Just like their "Moving Canada Forward" slogan implied, the leader and the campaign would just keep moving ahead, go to where the people were, speak to local news outlets, and hope that neither a candidate or a supporter would say anything too extreme. Problem was, Kenney's grip on the party was far from absolute. Since Stephen Harper's time as leader ended, more and more Tory MPs were getting used to speaking their minds, often causing problems for the party's image at the expense of appeasing partisans back home in their respective ridings.
It was a confusing campaign. Tom Mulcair running around the country talking about the need to protect the business sector and jobs while at the same time trying to pull a Bernie Sanders and decry income-inequality. Why was he only talking about income-inequality now? Hadn’t he been Prime Minister for the last six years? It just sounded more and more like the kind of classic political double-speak. But the award for the most awkward campaigner had to go to Mark Carney. His events were scripted down to the questions he'd get asked from his audience of "non-partisan" attendees, who were in actuality all card-carrying Liberals. Then there was uncomfortable exchange when Carney couldn't tell a National Post reporter how much milk costed in the Ottawa riding he was running in. The Liberal leader tried to talk about global dairy markets and supply-management, before getting whisked away by his handlers. As one could expect, his opponents used the episode to only hit home how out of touch the former banker was. Meanwhile Jason Kenney was trying to duck almost every question involving vaccines and government mandates. He believed the science and supported people getting vaccinated, but believed it was up to the individual to make that decision for themselves. It was a position that seemed to piss off everybody.
There was the leader's debate. Mulcair and Carny tried to out do the other on almost every topic, but ended up sounding like like an odd-couple with commitment issues. They agreed with the other on vaccination mandates, abortion rights, the rights of anti-vaccine protestors, and daycare spaces, but couldn't agree that the other person was capable of making any progress on any of it. Carney was too rich, Mulcair charged. He didn't know what it was like growing up as a member of the middle class. The NDP leader was too weak, Carney shot back. Mulcair's party was too divided, too extreme, and had failed to prepare the country for COVID. While the the Liberal and NDP leader's locked horns for the progressive vote, Jason Kenney pulled a Stephen Harper and spoke directly and calmly into the camera. For the firs time in the campaign, the Tory leader was talking about trying to bring people together. Forget the role he played in dividing Canadians. That was in the past. Yesterday's news. For a lot of voters who were just tuning in the campaign, Kenney sounded almost normal. Calm. Prime Ministerial. Maybe the idea of Jason Kenney being in charge of country wasn't so far-fetched anymore.
Then came the audio.
Bob Fife was no stranger to the more duplicitous wheeling and dealings of Canadian politics. After all, he was a fixture of Canadian journalism and had been reporting it for well over forty years. Fife had witnessed the tense relations between Jean Chretien and John Turner, and between Chretien and Paul Martin. Ambition and plotting certainly wasn’t new. But when he published the fact that sitting members of the Conservative Party of Canada were actively planning to depose their leader even in the event that he won the election, that got even the most tuned out voter’s attention. In a recording obtained by the Globe and Mail, two Tory MPs discussed plans to invoke the Reform Act and remove Jason Kenney through a simple caucus vote and install someone else as leader, and possibly Prime Minister. Their preferred replacement? Ottawa region MP Pierre Poilievre. According to one of the participants captured on the audio, anonymously credited as Albertan MP Garnett Genius, Poilievre was even aware of the plan, and supportive of such efforts so long as they were handled discreetly. The other participant, credited as former Ontario MP and Tory candidate Maryln Gladu, agreed that the plan was the right way forward.
Politically speaking it was a complete clusterfuck, and almost as soon as the story was published the Tory’s lead in the polls evaporated,
Gladu, in a statement released to the press that same day, denied it was her voice in the leaked audio, and encouraged anyone involved with the plot to come forward and publicly declare their support for Kenney’s leadership, just as she was doing now. Rather than silence the issue, the statement only added fuel to the fire. Were there others involved with the plot? How many of the sitting Conservative MPs actually supported Jason Kenney’s leadership? How involved was Pierre Poilievre? The infamously combative MP had gone uncharacteristically quiet in the fallout of the audio leak. Some Tories, especially Michelle Rempel Garner, were privately pushing Kenney and his team to eject all the rebels immediately and damn the consequences. Voters would respect a show of force.
The best way to handle the situation, Kenney and his team reasoned, was with a show of force. In a major campaign rally in Calgary, the Tory leader surrounded himself with candidates and MPs from around the country, all professing their admiration and loyalty to their leader. The praise was so sincere that it would make even Kim Jong-Un blush. Campaign staff labeled the event as a showcase of the government-in-waiting, and that the leader had a strong and capable team standing behind him. Kenney talked about unity and the strength of a shared vision for Canada. If someone had a problem with him or this vision, they could either put up or shut up. At the same time as the speech was being given, Kenney’s team released their own statement, announcing that until an internal investigation could clear him, Garnett Genius would not be permitted to sit in caucus. Gladu and Poilievre would remain, for now. Conspicuously absent from the event, Poilievre instead posted a statement on Facebook, categorically denying any involvement in a plot involving the leadership of the party and decried it as faulty reporting on the part of the mainstream media. Kenney's name or an endorsement of his continued leadership was notably missing from the post. Immediately critics labeled it as an attempt by Poilievre to keep his options open. Unfortunately dumping Poilievre risked causing more headaches than keeping him.
At best Kenney and his campaign staff hoped they had stopped the bleeding, and perhaps a few more days of nonstop campaigning and answering every reporter’s question would be enough to regain momentum by Election Day.
That night, as the results poured in from across the country and it became clear that the winner likely wouldn’t be known until sometime the next day, Mulcair gathered whatever aids and advisors were present in his Montreal campaign headquarters and told them he was going to go out there and declare victory. It didn’t matter if the Conservatives managed to get a few seats ahead of them, he’d argue, since it was unlikely the Liberals and Mark Carney wanted to get the blame for allowing Jason Kenney becoming Prime Minister. Besides, constitutional convention meant that the New Democrats, as the incumbents, were allowed to test the confidence of the House of Commons before giving their rivals their kick at the can. Aids were in a panic. George Soule, the campaign’s spokesperson, advised that declaring victory before the results were clear could backfire and damage Mulcair’s position. The NDP and their leader had just received a pretty serious body blow from voters, and the last thing they’d want to see is the Prime Minister acting like it was business as usual. Besides, Deputy Chief of Staff Anne McGrath warned, Mulcair now had to consider that his position as leader of the party was no longer secure. Whatever ended up remaining of the Community Group Caucus under Svend Robinson would almost certainly point to the results as proof that Mulcair was a spent force, and that the party would need new leadership ahead of the next campaign. When the ambitious smelled weakness, knives often come out.
It was decided that Mulcair would go out and declare victory, but rather than a victory for the NDP it would be a victory for cooperation and bipartisanship. The crisis presented by the Coronavirus pandemic required all parties of the left or center-left to put aside their differences and act in the best interests of Canada. Those best interests just also happened to include keeping Jason Kenney and the Tories out of power and keeping Tom Mulcair and the NDP in power. That’s what the majority of voters obviously wanted.
Obviously, most observers saw the ploy for what it was; spin. The New Democrats had lost their majority and seemed on track to lose their mandate. Mulcair appeared exhausted when he delivered his speech. Exhausted and annoyed. The thrills and excitement of their historic 2015 victory seemed a very distant memory. Still, the problems facing the incumbents were fantastic problems compared to their opponents.
Kenney, ever eager to defy the experts with his superior strategy, declared that the Conservatives were on track to receive the most votes out of all the other parties. This was true. He proclaimed to the party faithful in Calgary that the winner of the election wouldn’t be known that night. Also true. The would-be, potential, hopefully-but-not-likely Prime Minister declared he was prepared to work with anyone if it meant making Canadian’s lives more affordable as Canada began looking at a post-COVID economy. This wasn’t true, but it sounded nice. What Kenney didn’t tell the crowd was that he had already decided to quit as party leader. It has always been the plan that if Kenney didn’t lead the Conservatives to at minimum a minority government in his second campaign, he wouldn’t try for a third. Although the numbers out West were looking good, but the party’s campaign manager John Weissenberger had told his boss the NDP were likely to edge them out by a couple of seats when the dust settled. Winning the popular vote was great for morale, but it didn’t mean squat if the Conservative’s were still behind in terms of seats. The math just wasn’t there, and if nothing else Jason Kenney prided himself in his ability to count.
Besides, like Mulcair, Kenney knew if he didn’t pull the plug on his leadership, others likely would. Pierre Poilievre and his friends had already tried, ultimately damaging the Tory campaign at the worst possible time. It was their duplicitous actions that had cost him the keys to 24 Sussex, Kenney told his team, and he’d be damned if he’d allow the bastard to succeed him as party leader. Weissenberger had already hired a buddy to dig up some dirt on Poilievre, should the need arise. In the meantime, Kenney planned on controlling the circumstances of his exit. He’d announce his retirement when he was good and ready. Until then, he’d let everyone keep guessing what his next moves would be. Who knows, maybe he’d let it leak he was open to going into a coalition with Mark Carney just to watch people’s heads explode.
Phones in Liberal Party headquarters were buzzing nonstop the entire night, none more so than Mark Carney’s. Everybody wanted to know what the Liberal leader was going to do. After entering the campaign as the frontrunner, the Liberals were once again set to finish in third place for the third-straight election. It was humiliating, but even more than that it began to cement the fears that many party insiders had; the Liberal Party was no longer capable of winning power. What was the purpose of the Liberals if not to hold power?
Now people were asking if the party was going to dump Carney and go back to the drawing board yet again. Was he even interested in staying? He was barely ahead of the incumbent NDP candidate in his Ottawa riding, so the situation could just resolve itself.
After his speech to his supporters, proclaiming that voters had given his party a big responsibility in the incoming parliament, Mark Carney told his aides he was going to bed. He needed time to figure out his next moves, and he couldn’t do that unless he was fully rested. All the politicking and backroom deals could wait until the next day, if he still had a job by then. Fifteen minutes after turning off the lights in his hotel room, Carney got a text that he’d won in Ottawa—Vanier. A win was a win.