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Lists of Heads of Government and Heads of State

Timeline of U.S. Presidential Elections Between "Dixie Curtain" & "Dixie Curtain Sequel"

1964: Republican (i.e. liberal) Joe Kennedy, Jr. & Harold Stassen (Winner) vs. Democrat (i.e. conservative) Gov. Richard Nixon & Sen. Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. [1]

1968:
Harold Stassen & Edmund Muskie (Winner) vs. Nelson Rockefeller & Gerald Ford [2]

1972:
Richard Nixon & Rep. James Rhodes (Winner) vs. Harold Stassen & Edmund Muskie [3]

1976:
Richard Nixon & James Rhodes (Winner) vs. Henry M. Jackson & Sargent Shriver

1980: (????) (Winner) vs. Gov. Jerry Brown & Rep. Ted Kennedy [4]

1984:
Ronald Reagan & Phil Crane (Winner) vs. Rep. Ted Kennedy & Sen. Gaylord Nelson [5]

1988:
Sen. Walter Mondale & (????) (Winner) vs. Ronald Reagan & CT Rep. G.H.W. Bush [6]


[1] The events of "Dixie Curtain", far from undermining JPK's reelection campaign, actually propel him to a larger-than-expected margin of victory, yet a greater number of voters are wary of his and the GOP's agenda in the aftermath.


[2] Stassen wins much more narrowly, with most of his support being based on his tenure as JPK's VP.

[3] The death of GenSec Trotsky in 1969 (age 89), and fears over both the effects of the subsequent leadership turmoil in the USSR and the increasingly stagnating/hardline CSA to the south, severely undermines the GOP all the way to 1972, leading to Nixon's victory that year.

[4] Haven't decided whether to have Nixon run for a third term, or have Reagan win as in OTL, or go with another choice; suggestions welcome!

[5] Reagan's increasingly obvious decline in health and VP Crane's more and more tiresome/overwrought fearmongering over CSA and Soviet threats leads to a severely diminished margin of victory for the Dems.

[6] Crane's fearmongering finally leads to his being dropped from the ticket in favor of Bush, yet Mondale still wins thanks to public weariness with the effectively three-sided Cold War. Still not sure whether to go with Ferraro or another female VP choice; have already decided against Feinstein. Any thoughts?

Think I may have at last have a choice for the 1980 election: VP James Rhodes (who, with internal party support, blocked Nixon from going for a third term) & Sen. Ronald Reagan (Winner) vs. Gov. Jerry Brown & Rep. Ted Kennedy.

Health issues force Rhodes to retire in '84, leading to Reagan and Rep. Phil Crane winning that year, though by a much narrower margin than expected, as described in the earlier post.

As for Mondale's VP choice, still torn between Ferraro and Mario Cuomo...

Thoughts?
 
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Hell yeah. A Hain-Hughes coalition is a fitting and great ending.
It works because they would be able to finish off Gould’s plans, whilst continuing the Radicalism that would bother even Gould (who isn’t a fan of PR based electoral systems).
 
The complete list of Hell or Highwater's UK Prime Minister. A mess that I'm proud of. So far, I've only gotten two chapters written about the UK, but I have planned out what'll happen in the UK from 1978-2025. The gist is that Thatcher's tenure is a failure, and the success of the Alliance only leads to more successful third parties, from the Eurocommunist and Trotskyite SLP, Progressive and somewhat libertarian socialist Green Party, and the radical Free the UK.

James Callaghan 1976-1978 (Labor)
Margaret Thatcher 1978-1982 (Conservative)
1978 Minority (299 seats) Def: James Callaghan (Labor) David Steel (Liberal)
Roy Jenkins 1982-1985 (SDP-Liberal/Democratic)
1982 Minority (149 seats) Def: Michael Foot (Labor) Margaret Thatcher (Conservative)
Neil Kinnock 1985-1998 (Labor)
1985 Majority (391) Def: Francis Pym (One Nation Conservative Faction) Roy Jenkins (Democratic) Keith Joseph (1922 Conservative Faction)
1988 Majority (389) Def: Michael Heseltine (Conservative) David Penhaligon (Democratic) Michael Meadowcroft (Free the UK)
1993 Majority (340) Def: Michael Heseltine (Conservative) David Penhaligon (Democratic) Michael Meadowcroft (Free the UK)

Gordon Brown 1998-1998 (Labor)
Malcom Rifkind (Conservative) 1998-2004
1998 Majority (367) Def: Gordon Brown (Labor) Robert Maclennan (Democratic) Peter Tatchell (Socialist Labor) Alan Sked (Free the UK)
2002 Majority (327) Def: Gordon Brown (Labor) Jeremy Ashdown (Democratic) Alan Sked (Free the UK) Lol Duffy (Socialist Labor) Robin Harper (Green)
2004 Minority (307) Def: Ian Willmore (Labor) Jeremy Ashdown (Democratic) Alan Sked (Free the UK) Lol Duffy (Socialist Labor) Robin Harper (Green)

Kenneth Clarke 2004-2004 (Conservative)
John Major 2004-2008 (Conservative)
Harriet Harman 2008-2012 (Labor)
2008 Minority (309) Def: John Major (Conservative) Des Wilson (Democratic) Helen Szamuely (Free the UK) Adrian Ramsey (Green) Reg Race (Socialist Labor)
2009 Minority (304) Def: Stephen Dorrell (Conservative) Andrew Lansley (Democratic) Helen Szamuely (Free the UK) Caroline Lucas (Green)

Andrew Boff 2012-2016 (Conservative)*
2012 Minority (311) Def: Harriet Harman (Labor) Even Harris (Democratic) Caroline Lucas (Green) Jaimie Blackett (Free the UK)
2014 Majority (378) Def: Alan Milburn (Labor) Evan Harris (Democratic) Carolina Lucas (Green) Robert Kilroy-Silk (Free the UK)

Dominic Grieve 2016-2019 (Conservative)
Evan Harris 2019-2022 (Democratic)
2019 Minority (170) Def: Tom Watson (Labor) Dominic Grieve (Conservative) Giles Fraser (Free the UK) Tasmin Omond (Green) Jacob Rees-Mogg (Long Live the UK)
2022 Minority (201) Def: Jon Cruddas (Labor) David Morris (Conservative) Giles Fraser (Free the UK) Tasmin Omond (Green) Jacob Rees-Mogg (Long Live the UK)

Lisa Nandy 2022- (Democratic)

UK Brexit Referendum (2016)

Remain 53%
Leave 47%

Supporters:

Conservative Party
Free the UK
Socialist Labor

Opponents:

Green Party
Democratic Party
Labor Party

Mixed-Member Proportional Representation Referendum (2020)

53% Yes
47% No

Supporters:

Green Party
Democratic
Free the UK
Jacob Rees-Mogg (Long Live the UK)
Socialist Labor

Opponents:

Conservative Party

Neutral:

Labor Party (both anti-MMPR and pro-MMPR factions)

Bold=coalition partner
Italicized=Interim Prime Minister
*=Resigned over failed Brexit Referendum after revolt by pro-EU Tories and squandering of a massive majority.
 
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The House of Roosevelt

1929-1933: Herbert Hoover (Republican)
1928 (with Charles Curtis) def. Al Smith (Democratic)
1933-1933: John Nance Garner (Democratic), Acting
1933-1945: Franklin D. Roosevelt I (Democratic)
1932 (with John Nance Garner) def. Herbert Hoover (Republican)
1936 (with Bennett Champ Clark) def. Al Smith (American Liberty League), Herbert Hoover (Republican)
1940 (with Henry A. Wallace) def. Charles Lindbergh (Republican), Wendell Willkie (Liberty)
1944 (with James Roosevelt II) def. Wendell Willkie (Liberty), Douglas MacArthur (Liberty), Harry F. Byrd Sr. (True Democratic), John W. Bricker (Liberty)

1945-1949: James Roosevelt II (Democratic)
1949-1955: Dwight D. Eisenhower (Democratic)
1948 (with James Roosevelt II) def. Douglas MacArthur (Liberty), Henry A. Wallace (Progressive)
1952 (with James Roosevelt II) def. Elliot Roosevelt (Progressive), Harry F. Byrd Sr. (Liberty)

1955-1970: James Roosevelt II (Democratic / Institutional Americanism)
1956 (with Richard Nixon) def. John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (Liberty)
1960 (with Richard Nixon) def. John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (Liberty), Anna Roosevelt Halsted (Human Rights)
1964 (with Lyndon B. Johnson) def. Barry Goldwater (Liberty)
1968 (with Richard Nixon) def. effectively unopposed

1970-1973: Richard Nixon (Institutional Americanism)
1973-1977: Franklin D. Roosevelt II (Liberal)
1972 (with Sargent Shriver) def. Richard Nixon (Institutional Americanism)
1977-1977: George McGovern (Liberal), Acting
1977-1978: Sargent Shriver (Liberal)
1976 (with George McGovern) def. Ronald Reagan (Institutional Americanism), John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (Authentic Liberty)
1978-1978: George McGovern (Liberal)
1978-1981: Armand Hammer (Liberal)
1981-1981: Ronald Reagan (Institutional Americanism)
1980 (with James Roosevelt III) def. John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (Authentic Liberty), Jimmy Hoffa (Authentic Liberty), numerous scattered Liberal candidates
1981-2002: James Roosevelt III (Institutional Americanism)
1984 (with George Bush) def. Jimmy Hoffa (Authentic), David Koch (Authentic Liberty)
1988 (with George Bush) def. Pat Buchanan (Authentic)
1992 (with George Bush) def. James P. Hoffa (Authentic)
1996 (with George Bush) def. James P. Hoffa (Authentic), Pat Buchanan (Anti-Socialist)

2000; delayed due to Millennial Cybernetic Crisis
2002-2003: Franklin D. Roosevelt III (Authentic)
2001 (with Murray Bookchin) def. Theodore Kaczynski (Millennium Dawn), James Roosevelt III (Institutional Americanism)
2003 Constitutional Convention; Presidency Abolished


pod: zangara shoots fdr but it doesn't kill him, it makes him go authoritarian nutjob
 
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I swear to god I'm going to fucking kill someone the next time I see the "Ted Kaczynski becomes a legitimate politician" trope in anything. Other than that this is great though.
1993 - 1997: Comeback Kid Bill Clinton/ Boring Al Gore (Democrat)
1997 - 2005: Ted Kaczynski / Todd May (Renewal)
2005 - 2009: Pat Buchanan / Joseph Sobran (Red KKK)
 
Ross-Colored Glasses

1989-1993: Vice President George Bush (Republican)
'88 (with Senator J. Dan Quayle) def. Senator Gary Hart (Democratic)
1993-1997: Businessman H. Ross Perot (Independent)
'92 (with Governor Lawton Chiles) def. Senator Joe Biden (Democratic), President George Bush (Republican) [in post-election negotiations]
1997-1998: President H. Ross Perot (Democratic) ✞
'96 (with Vice President Lawton Chiles) def. Governor Carroll Campbell (Republican), Governor Michael Huffington (Independent Republican)
1998-2005: Vice President Ron Dellums (Democratic)
'00 (with former First Lady Margot Perot) def. Mayor Bernie Goetz (Republican), Governor Arne Carlson (Millennium)

(inspired by @Vidal)

Iran-Contra doesn't break until after the election, meaning that a couple candidates - most notably Joe Biden and Al Gore - never get into the primary. Gary Hart's victory in the primary shows there's a market for arrogant populists; his defeat amidst a cloud of scandals shows that there's a limit to what the American people will tolerate (though other commentators have pointed to Hart's abrasiveness wearing at Americans' patience and a generally good economy). But his presidency is less successful - the farm crisis, the messy collapse of the Soviet Union, an unpopular attempt to normalize relations with Vietnam, and the S&L crisis see to that.

Perot and Biden both hit Bush over NAFTA and the economy in general, but Biden's perception as a party hack means that Perot wins the "fuck all y'all" vote and thus first place; after tense three-way negotiations, Perot makes a deal to take Biden's running mate as VP and appoint Biden himself Secretary of State. Opinions are divided as to whether this is a corrupt bargain or a statesmanlike compromise. Perot's presidency mostly goes well - the economy still isn't great but people like his muscular populism.

Fast-forward to 1997. Due to a couple of racist scandals and gaffes from Perot and those in his inner circle, the Congressional Black Caucus demands, with support from party leadership, that Perot replace Chiles with a minority after his heart attack. With relations between Perot and the party establishment having broken down after several Presidentially-backed candidates lost races in part due to local Democrats' lack of enthusiasm, Perot decides to tweak the party's nose by picking an unexpected ally on veterans' issues and urban policy in Ron Dellums.

At which point the joke that Ron Dellums is Perot's protection against assassination stops being funny, because Perot gets assassinated by ex-Stasi members furious over his role in East German democratization, and America has its first Black and first socialist President...
 
I swear to god I'm going to fucking kill someone the next time I see the "Ted Kaczynski becomes a legitimate politician" trope in anything. Other than that this is great though.

My idea is that the IAP basically turns a lot of New Deal stuff into de facto corporatist monopolies, overseen by some computerised central planning. But the corruption and petty authoritarianism gets bad enough that Y2K isn't sufficiently prepared for. The near collapse of the economy in 2000 leads to the sudden emergence of a movement that points at what happened and says the industrial revolution was a mistake.
 
The House of Roosevelt

1929-1933: Herbert Hoover (Republican)
1928 (with Charles Curtis) def. Al Smith (Democratic)
1933-1933: John Nance Garner (Democratic), Acting
1933-1945: Franklin D. Roosevelt I (Democratic)
1932 (with John Nance Garner) def. Herbert Hoover (Republican)
1936 (with Bennett Champ Clark) def. Al Smith (American Liberty League), Herbert Hoover (Republican)
1940 (with Henry A. Wallace) def. Charles Lindbergh (Republican), Wendell Willkie (Liberty)
1944 (with James Roosevelt II) def. Wendell Willkie (Liberty), Douglas MacArthur (Liberty), Harry F. Byrd Sr. (True Democratic), John W. Bricker (Liberty)

1945-1949: James Roosevelt II (Democratic)
1949-1955: Dwight D. Eisenhower (Democratic)
1948 (with James Roosevelt II) def. Douglas MacArthur (Liberty), Henry A. Wallace (Progressive)
1952 (with James Roosevelt II) def. Elliot Roosevelt (Progressive), Harry F. Byrd Sr. (Liberty)

1955-1970: James Roosevelt II (Democratic / Institutional Americanism)
1956 (with Richard Nixon) def. John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (Liberty)
1960 (with Richard Nixon) def. John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (Liberty), Anna Roosevelt Halsted (Human Rights)
1964 (with Lyndon B. Johnson) def. Barry Goldwater (Liberty)
1968 (with Richard Nixon) def. effectively unopposed

1970-1973: Richard Nixon (Institutional Americanism)
1973-1977: Franklin D. Roosevelt II (Liberal)
1972 (with Sargent Shriver) def. Richard Nixon (Institutional Americanism)
1977-1977: George McGovern (Liberal), Acting
1977-1978: Sargent Shriver (Liberal)
1976 (with George McGovern) def. Ronald Reagan (Institutional Americanism), John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (Authentic Liberty)
1978-1978: George McGovern (Liberal)
1978-1981: Armand Hammer (Liberal)
1981-1981: Ronald Reagan (Institutional Americanism)
1980 (with James Roosevelt III) def. John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (Authentic Liberty), Jimmy Hoffa (Authentic Liberty), numerous scattered Liberal candidates
1981-2002: James Roosevelt III (Institutional Americanism)
1984 (with George Bush) def. Jimmy Hoffa (Authentic), David Koch (Authentic Liberty)
1988 (with George Bush) def. Pat Buchanan (Authentic)
1992 (with George Bush) def. James P. Hoffa (Authentic)
1996 (with George Bush) def. James P. Hoffa (Authentic), Pat Buchanan (Anti-Socialist)

2000; delayed due to Millennial Cybernetic Crisis
2002-2003: Franklin D. Roosevelt III (Authentic)
2001 (with Murray Bookchin) def. Theodore Kaczynski (Millennium Dawn), James Roosevelt III (Institutional Americanism)
2003 Constitutional Convention; Presidency Abolished


pod: zangara shoots fdr but it doesn't kill him, it makes him go authoritarian nutjob

'The Uncrowned Kings of the United States of America' by Psychedelic Warlord

XXXX-XXXX: James I 'The Progenitor'
1933-1945: Franklin I 'The Dynast'
1945-1970: James II 'The Living Institution'
1970-1973: The First Interregnum
1973-1977: Franklin II 'The Heavy Head'
1977-1981: The Second Interregnum
1981-2002: James III 'The Boy King'
2002-2003: Franklin III 'The Thronebreaker'

Key - The Unwilling Kings, The Willing Kings, The Interregna
 
1980-1985: Leonid Zverev (Green)
1980 (Green-SLDP): Yury Kozlovsky (Social Democratic & Labour), Andrei Kasso (Constitutional Democratic), Mikhail Volkonsky (Union of Russians), Iosif Noskin (Social Revolutionary)
1983 (Green-Kadet): Mikhail Volkonsky (Union), Andrei Kasso (Constitutional Democratic), Yury Kozlovsky (Social Democratic & Labour), Maria Rykova (Social Revolutionary)

1985-1987: Sergei von Plehve (Independent leading War Government)
1987-1988: Leonid Bina (Kadet leading War Government)
1988-1990: Leonid Zverev (Green)

1988 (Green-SDLP-Kadet): Mikhail Volkonsky (Union), Olga Dubrovinska (Social Democratic & Labour), Ivan Mironov (Constitutional Democratic), Maria Rykova (Social Revolutionary)
1990-1991: Mikhail Balakshin (Green)
1991-1994: Pyotr Ignatiev (Independent)

1992 (Green-Kadet-Union): Olga Dubrovinska (Social Democratic & Labour), Mikhail Volkonsky (Union), Ivan Goshkevich (Green), Ivan Mironov (Constitutional Democratic), Maria Rykova (Social Revolutionary)
1994-2000: [Position of Prime Minister Vacant - President Roman Lapikov (Independent) as de-facto head of government]
2000-2003: Eldar Vertov (Millennium)

2000 (Millennium Bloc): Sasha Kovalev (Social Democratic & Labour), Mikhail Volkonsky (Free Union), Various (Social Revolutionary)
2003-2007: Denis Makolov (Millennium)
2005 (Millennium Bloc): Sasha Kovalev (Social Democratic & Labour), Sasha Volkonsky (Free Union), Various (Social Revolutionary)
2007-2010: Alexei Nevzlin (Independent)
2009-2010: Denis Makolov (Independent)

2010 (Millennium Bloc): Election boycotted by opposition parties
2010-2012: Anton Penza (Independent)
2012-2012: Oleg Kuvezin (Independent)
2012-2017: Irina Zvereva (Modern)

2012: Oleg Musabayev (Assembly), Tatiana Smirnova (New Revolutionary)
2017-2021: Oleg Musabayev (Assembly)
2017: Irina Zvereva (Modern), Tatiana Smirnova (New Revolutionary)
2021-: Irina Zvereva (Modern)
2021: Oleg Musabayev (Assembly), Tatiana Smirnova (New Revolutionary)

The Second Democracy was dominated by the Green League, an agrarian party that had grown into a populist outfit in alliance with urban political machines and various regional and ethnic parties. The Green League transformed Russia in a modern, industrialised nation, one which became the largest energy supplier to Western Europe and a place where "social deviants" no longer faced exile to Siberian labour camps. Leonid Zverev's greatest legacy as Minister of Education and then Prime Minister was the great literacy drive: Zverevbashnya school facilities still litter the Russian countryside and the rate of literacy went from 50% in 1970 to 85% by 1990. But the Greens' dominance did not equal stability. The Second Democracy was uniquely dysfunctional, with the weak powers of the prime minister and the strong powers of the Duma (with a low electoral threshold) leading to constant political crises and deadlock.

The Eastern War spelled the end of the Second Democracy, as the Russian army held increasing power and influence within the government and the executive branch became comfortable bypassing the Duma to reinstate conscription and rationing as cities on the southern borders of Persia and Manchuria were shelled and Russian oil supplies became vital to the Western war effort. But the end of the war left the Russian economy shattered and the nation was not well-represented in the Beirut Conference. Zverev was forced to invoke the Enabling Act to suspend the Duma in order to ratify the Beirut Treaty, which ended his career and broke a great taboo.

The void left by Zverev was supposed to be filled by Olga Dubrovinska, the charismatic former union leader who forced her party to support the war effort and broke the grand coalition over the enabling act. But her assassination in 1992 deepened the void in Russian politics. The technocratic Ignatiev was forced to bring the far-right into government, which emboldened their violent activities on the streets of the big cities. The economy was in free-fall as western energy shortages eased. Civil disorder escalated in the Ukraine and Chechnya; Turkish-funded "red brigades" became well-resourced in central Asia. The far-right and the far-left surged in the polls. There was talk of general strikes, revolution, armed intervention from Germany.

On Easter 1994, Russia and the world woke up to the President and former leader of the Russian Army Roman Lapikov announcing that Prime Minister Ignatiev had resigned, the Duma was dissolved and martial law had been declared. There was remarkably little unrest in reaction to the end of the Second Democracy. Lapikov was by far the most popular political figure in the country and major political parties and their leaders had been deeply discredited by the end of the Great Eastern War, and those that weren't soon fled to avoid charges of sedition or corruption.

Lapikov used martial law to declare himself de facto Head of Government as Director of the Russian Republic, a title harking back to the days of Wrangel and the July Putsch that ended the First Democracy, and used the Enabling Act to suspend the constitution and rule by decree. The Ukraine was suppressed by force but the proxy wars in central Asia took far longer to contain. International protests at the suspension of democracy were muted and those at home were marginalised as the economy finally entered recovery. Systemic human rights abuses came hand in hand with economic prosperity and liberal policies. Lapikov, after opening the 2000 Petrograd Olympics and restoring the (heavily amended) constitution, let the newly-restored Duma dominated by his electoral vehicles elect him president, where he held few formal executive powers but great influence over the new government.

The restoration of the Duma was hardly the restoration of democracy. Lapikov's prime ministers were a succession of technocratic proxies and the Duma was in practice little more than a talking shop. Many political parties were banned; most major opposition leaders were still in exile. Ultimately, the middle class that emerged under his reign turned on him. Just like in the West the tedium of the economic boom of the long nineties turned into malaise by the mid-2000s. Corruption scandals mounted and Russian language Telehor stations based in Warsaw and Helsinki became popular, exposing corruption and incompetence. Lapikov's threat of sanctions and worse against Finland if they did not stop the broadcasts alienated him from his Western allies, who had grown cold as the Lapikov Administration turned protectionist and stalled on increasing oil supplies during the 2009 energy crisis. Increasingly unable to clamp down on strikes and organised dissent, he resigned as president in 2010 to avoid another coup and left for Berlin. He remains in exile in Germany; at home he faces arrest warrants on charges of corruption, treason and complicity in the assassination of Olga Dubrovinska.

The end of the Lapikov Era spelled the start of the Third Democracy, which has markedly different dynamics from the Second. It is deeply polarised between two major electoral blocs, whose faith in the democratic process comes largely from the belief that it can contain the opposing bloc.

The first bloc, the Modern Democracy Alliance, was formed from the remnants of the Greens, Kadets and Social Democrats and various other centrist and left-wing anti-Lapikov forces. It went under the leadership of a number of proxies before the daughter of Leonid Zverev returned from exile from London to lead it. By 2012 she had become a cause-célèbre in the West: confident, western-educated, and the first woman to lead Russia since Catherine the Great. While the Zvereva government passed many liberal and social democratic reforms, many Lapikov-era security laws remained on the books. The influence of the army was not forcefully restrained, continuing aggressive measures against Red Brigades in Turkistan and Georgia. But since she also desired free trade and closer relations with the Assembly of European States, Western observers saw only the good in her.

A crash in international oil prices caused the unravelling of Zvereva's economic policies, and the other bloc came to power. The Assembly of Independent Patriots was as equally controversial, led by one of the few Lapikov lieutenants with genuine popularity and an independent mind. It was an equally broad coalition, of agrarian populists, protectionists, right-wing Greens, various urban political machines and the far right. But only Musabayev could go to Tbilisi it seemed, and signed a peace accord with Turkey's General Secretary to cease hostilities and give central Asian provinces more autonomy.

That treaty likely cost him re-election as the New Revolutionaries surged. Combining the populism of the old Social Revolutionaries with an intense dose of ultranationalism, Tatiana Smirnova came perilously close to holding the balance of power. Her outrageous rhetoric in the Duma, in response to Zvereva announcing negotiations for formal links with the European Association, went viral across the Memex. And as with the First and Second Democracies, the generals are paying attention.
 
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1897-1908: Jesse Boot (National Radicals)
1897 (In Pact With Reform) def: William Henry-Gladstone (Conservative), Charles Dilke (Reform), Walter Morrison (Cooperative)
1902 (Majority) def: Herbert Gladstone (Conservative), William Maxwell (Cooperative)
1906 (Majority) def: William Maxwell (Cooperative), Herbert Gladstone (Conservative), Tom Mann (United Workers)

1908-1911: Ernest Chamberlain (National Radicals)
1911-1916: William Maxwell (Cooperative)

1911 (Minority) def: Ernest Chamberlain (National Radicals), William Stanley (Conservative), Tom Mann (United Workers)
1912 (Minority) def: Arthur Powell (National Radicals), Harold Reay (Conservative), Arthur Kirkpatrick (United Workers), Jeremy Seddon (Action)

1916-1922: Jesse Boot (National Radicals)
1916 (Majority) def: William Maxwell (Cooperative), Harold Reay (Conservative), Jeremy Seddon (Action), Arthur Kirkpatrick (United Workers)
1920 (Majority) def: Arthur Golightly (Cooperative), Harold Balfour (Conservative), Paul Hargreaves (Action)

1922-1925: Arthur Cadbury, 3rd Director of Bournville (National Radicals)
1925-1930: James MacDonald (Cooperative)

1925 (Coalition with Action) def: Arthur Cadbury (National Radicals), Harold Balfour (Conservative), Paul Hargreaves (Action), Arnold Bottomley (People’s Voice)
1930-: Jonathan Boot, 2nd Director of Nottinghamshire (National Radicals)
1930 (Majority) def: James MacDonald (Cooperative), Reginald Balfour (Conservative), Paul Hargreaves (Action)
1935 (Majority) def: D.H.Lawrence (Opposition)


“National Efficiency, Nationals Ethics and National Health beams the banner overlooking every town house, village hall and city council building across the country as we enter our tenth year since Jonathan Boot declared the ‘Corporatism and Democracy’ Act which essentially banned any organised political party’s from the Chambers of the newly renamed ‘Hall of Labour, Business and Efficiency’ in London.

Of course Boot prefers to stay in his place of birth more often than not, Nottingham having become the bastion of National Efficiency which the country should strive to achieve, is also the power base in which the Boot family and friends have managed to seize the entirety of Britain from.

But things are not entirely well in Britain. The United Workers despite there twenty years of political exile still organise and plan strikes and Extra-Parliamentary actions against the NatRad Government. Indeed quiet whispers of possible rebellions in Scotland drift southward endlessly. In Ireland, the last bastion of true British Democracy, the Left Wing Government has invited Canadian Troops for ‘safety reasons’ and the new Syndicalist Governments of France and Spain see opportunities in ousting the increasingly unpopular Boot Regime. Maybe things won’t be quiet for long in this once fair nation...”
 
On my bullshit

Career of Kurt Cobain
1985-1989: Musician
- touring guitarist for The Melvins, Screaming Trees, the U-Men, Deranged Diction/Green River, Foss, and was lead vocalist and guitarist for The Sellouts/Ted Ed Fred
1989-1991: Private citizen
1991: Labor Militant/Socialist Alternative candidate for Seattle City Council

lost to Margaret Pageler
1992-1997: Political activist, Seattle DSA Organiser

- lead opposition to Ballot Measure Nine, was organiser for the Rock for Choice benefit concert, advocated for release and retribution for institutionalised musician Daniel Johnston
1997: Green Party of Washington State candidate for Seattle City Council
defeated Sherry Harris
1998-2004: Member of the Seattle City Council (Position 2)
'01: defeated Michael R. Preston
2000: Democratic Party primary candidate for US Representative (District 9)
lost to Adam Smith
2004-2008: US Representative (District 8)

'04: defeated Dave Reichert, Spencer Garrett
'06: defeated Mike McGavick

2008: Democratic Party primary candidate for President of the United States
defeated John Edwards, Anthony Weiner, Bill Richardson, Joe Biden
2009-20XX: President of the United States
(with Dennis Kucinich) defeated John McCain/Tim Pawlenty

Career of Courtney "Coco" Harrison
1972-1975: Student, Nelson College for Girls (New Zealand citizen)
1975-1981: Private citizen, musician (Australian citizen)
1981-1984: Private citizen, roadie (British citizen)

- worked for the Teardrop Explodes, the Jesus and Mary Chain, Echo & the Bunnymen, Bauhaus, the Psychedelic Furs, the Soft Boys
1984-1985: Lead vocalist, Sugar Babylon
1985-1987: Private citizen, waitress and sex worker (alleged)
1987-1991: Writer for the Record Mirror
1991-1995: Lead vocalist, Surrender Dorothy
1995-1997: Private citizen, journalist
1997: Labour party candidate for Southport

lost to Ronnie Fearn (Liberal Democratic), Matthew Banks (Conservative)
1998-20XX: Private citizen, author and columnist for the Daily Mirror
2001: Socialist Labour candidate for Knowsley North and Sefton East

lost to George Howarth (Labour), Keith Chapman (Conservative), Richard Roberts (Liberal Democrats)
2005: Respect candidate for Knowsley North and Sefton East
lost to George Howarth (Labour), Flo Clucas (Liberal Democrats), Naman Purewal (Conservative), Michael McDermott (BNP)
 
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Leaders of the Democratic Labour Party:

1939-1949: Oliver Baldwin
1949-1954: John Strachey
1954-1957: Emrys Hughes
1957-1969: Richard Acland
1969-1975: Walter Padley
1975-1981: Frank Allaun
1981-1982: Maria Fyfe


1982: Merges with ‘Red’ PEOPLE’s, Radical Action, Anti-Nazi League and Institute for Workers' Control to form the New Democratic Party


The story of the Democratic Labour Party is one of survival in the face of overwhelming odds and it’s eventual fate of becoming the premier third party of Britain was nothing short of a miracle.

The start of the organisation was caused by a variety of issues, Labour in the aftermath of the failures of MacDonald to secure a second Premiership in 1929 had become increasingly beholden to the machinations of the Fabians and Sidney Webb. When Labour got into power in 1933 with Arthur Henderson at the helm, the Monetary Reformers, Leftists and Social Creditors within the Labour Movement had found themselves pushed aside. This would only become more apparent after Henderson’s death and replacement by Morrison.

Initial hopes had lied with Oswald Mosley but after a trip to Moscow made him a fan of Stalinism, attempts to find a new hero of the Left lead a disparate coalition to the door of Oliver Baldwin. Once one of Mosley’s allies, the pair had strained after Mosley’s new found commitment to the USSR and Baldwin had spent much of his time railing against the inadequacies of Morrison’s Government. Passionate about nationalising banks, Social Credit, Democratic Socialism and also Anti-Fascism Baldwin could unite the strange coalition that would form the Democratic Labour Party.

The party’s formation would occur in 1939 as Morrison prepared for a snap 1940 election by deselecting any ‘troublemakers’ from the party, Baldwin included. Deciding to jump before he was shoved, Baldwin would use his connections to form the Democratic Labour Party with support from the Independent Labour Party, Rebel MPs, Trade Unions and CLPs. Still there wasn’t much hope for the party’s survival in a 1940 election, which would be postponed by Hitler’s invasion of Czechoslovakia in the Spring of 1939.Suddenly the Democratic Labour Party would find itself being able to have the time and space to expand it’s message and power base in Britain. Unrestrained by the War Time Coalition (which it refused on the basis of presenting itself as the ‘Pro-War Opposition’) the Party would campaign in by-elections up and down the country and winning several on a message of ‘Bread Today, Socialism Tomorrow’. Indeed it would become the standard bearers of the Beveridge Plan which Morrison bemoaned as ‘unconstructive nonsense’ when it first appeared but would quickly become popular with a people who felt that whilst Morrison had done stuff, he hadn’t done enough to correct Britain's problems.

As the War wrapped up in 1945, with Dresden, Kobe and Hiroshima being consumed in nuclear flames, Morrison was forced by his former coalition partners to bring forth an election. Morrison believed that he would gain a third term on the back of victory but instead Democratic Labour surged to gain 24 seats and put the kibosh on a long term Morrison Premiership. Morrison would gain a minority government and attempts at confidence & Supply deal with John Bannerman of the Liberals but after six months it would collapse after a vote of no confidence supported by Democratic Labour.

In some ways the vote worked out for the DemLab’s, it kept them a separate entity from Labour and allowed them to develop separately in the eyes of many. But the sudden election so soon after the previous one, strained the Democratic Labour’s party’s budget as it grumbled down to 20 seats (with many agreeing that if the campaign had lasted a week longer, the party would have become bankrupt).With the decaying Liberals begrudgingly joining in an Anti-Socialist pact with the Tories under the guidance of Archibald Sinclair, the Democratic Labour Party found itself the last remaining prominent third party in Britain. But problems with who would succeed Baldwin alluded the party, even after he was raised into the House of Lords.

In 1949, Baldwin would resign as leader and an election between Norman Smith representing the Monetary Reformist Wing and John Strachey representing the Anti-Fascist Wing would see Strachey win. But Strachey was a fairly uninspiring leader and a leadership coup within the Labour Party saw Philip Noel-Baker oust Morrison causing much of the reasoning for Democratic Labour's support to drift back to Labour. The 1951 election saw the Democratic Labour Party shuffle down to a paltry 12 seats as Baker consolidated the Left Wing vote (the CPGB under Oswald Mosley would collapse to two seats from the five gained in 1946).

Infighting would ensue in the Party, with Leftists denouncing the increasingly Rightward Strachey as a tool of the Fabians at the 1952 and 1953 conference. In 1954 Noel-Baker reached out to the Democratic Labour Party offering peace and unity if members rejoined the Labour Party, it would be unsurprising when John Strachey and another MP Desmond Donnelley defected to the Labour Party.

The hasty leadership election would see Emrys Hughes win against a halfhearted attempt by Ernest Millington, and as the 1956 election came closer Hughes would go on a non-stop cross country campaign to ensure the survival of the Democratic Labour party as an entity. Allying with Left Wing Nationalist causes and targeting a combination of dissident Labour Leftists, Nationalists, Anti-Nuclear campaigners and Students the party would manage to come out of the 1956 election with eleven seats as Labour managed to gain a majority of forty on a message of Fabianism and Social Democracy over the dull technocrat Rab Butler. Whilst hailed as a hero for the Independent Left and overseeing a surge in support for the Democratic Labour not seen since the Baldwin days, Hughes declining health caused by his vigorous campaigning would force him to resign in 1957 as leader.

Many in the party hoped that Jennie Lee would become there champion, but she would cite a conflict of interest as her husband became Foreign Secretary in the Noel-Baker and soon after Jay government. So instead the recently returned MP Richard Acland would become the party’s tribune beating out attempts by Walter Kendall and a more serious bid by Ernest Millington.

Richard Acland gains mixed reactions from members of the party and it’s successors and the British public, some see him as a saviour of the Independent Left, the man who made Democratic Labour a Modern political force, others see him as an unreliable demagogue who tried to built a cult of personality around him. The truth lies somewhere in between.

Acland quickly decided to modernise the Democratic Labour Machine with a Modern media appearance with celebrity endorsements and the use of television advertising (though attempts to change the name would fail on launch). Acland would frequently be seen on marches for jobs, healthcare and Anti-War protests and would be consistent media darling. Indeed Democratic Labour gains is what partially caused Noel-Baker to step down in 1958 from the Labour leadership.

The frequent image of the 1960 election wasn’t Douglas Jay’s vision of technocratic Social Democracy or Quintin Hogg’s awkward proposals for Christian infused One Nation Toryism, it was the flamboyant Radical Richard Acland being endorsed by Spike Milligan. Democratic Labour would make gains not only at the expense of Labour but also the Tories as it finished with a 16 seats at the end of the election whilst Labour managed to gain a slightly reduced majority of twenty.

Acland took this as a credit to his leadership and would push even further with his Modernisation efforts. References to Social Credit would be for the most part removed from manifesto, an electoral college instituted for leadership and deputy leadership elections and Democratic Labour would officially affiliate with groups like CND and new policies around ‘Community Politics’ would help secure Democratic Labour council and By-Election victories.

In 1965 the Jay Government was looking rather old and tired and the new enthusiastic leadership of Ron Cartland would easily run rings around Jay, Acland would make hay out of the failures of the Jay Government and as the National Democratic stomped to a majority of fifty seats, Democratic Labour found itself gaining twenty six seats. Once again vindicated, Acland would over the next four years proceed to squander the good will he had earned.

Cartland in order to balance the books whilst also being able to stick to his Keynesian manifesto promises would support the sending of troops to Vietnam as part of a NATO policing action to gain cash support from the Rockerfellar administration who was finding itself increasingly bogged down in War’s in South America. The War coincide with an increase of troops being sent to Malaysia to battle Communist groups there and the protests over British involvement would become more popular as the years went on.

Acland would become a figurehead for the protest movement amongst the Left but his Christian Socialist views didn’t gel as well with the more Libertarian New Left activists that proceeded to join Democratic Labour in large numbers. Additionally Acland started consolidating power around him, increasingly ignoring conference policies or the advice of his fellow party members. Acland would frequently campaign with Enoch Powell at Anti-War protests much to the horror of the Youth groups.

Indeed this courting of Enoch Powell would lead to the formation of the ‘Freedom Party’ committed to withdrawing Britain away from conflicts in Asia and establishing a more Libertarian economy at home in 1968. A series of by-election defeats and chaotic polling caused Cartland to call a snap election to secure his place.

Acland’s Campaigning would lead to Democratic Labour shooting up to 40 seats as the National Democrats fell to a minority government. Democratic Labour were the kingmakers it seemed, but Acland was by now increasingly becoming a pariah within his own party, as he endorsed the idea of a Labour-Democratic Labour-Freedom coalition to ensure the end to War much to the horror of his fellow party members. Much of the new members of the party also didn’t gel with Acland’s Christian Moralism and Cult of Personality antics.

Acland’s push for a vote of no confidence instead of entering a slim majority coalition of Democratic Labour and Nationalists with Labour would prove his undoing. By now the National Democrats had replaced Cartland with the more firm and Liberal Peter Thorneycroft to guide the party through and he would call another election on the message of ‘Who Governs Britain?’ with the election spending most of it’s time attacking the third party’s and the concepts of ‘Coalition of Chaos with Acland’.

Thorneycroft would succeed, gaining a majority of fifty as Democratic Labor toppled back down to twenty and the Freedom party and Nationalists suffered a wipeout. Acland looked increasingly foolish and a vote of no confidence from the party would force him out. In time Acland would resign from the party and start a Christian Socialist commune in Scotland.

Padley and Allaun’s period of leadership can be seen as the last gasps of the party’s old guard. Both had started in the party during the Second World War and it’s aftermath and progressively rose through the ranks on the back of CLP and Trade Union support. Padley’s tenureship was incredibly dull for the most part, much of the time it consisted of him battling the young Radicals in his ranks and ensuring that further demagogues weren’t able to raise like Acland had, encapsulated by his consistent arguments with the Deputy Leader Ernest Millington who had become a prominent figure as the ‘Old Man of the Libertarian Left’.

Still Padley kept the policy of community politics and would start to reach out to former party figures like Walter Kendall who had formed the Socialist Alliance with Eric Heffer after losing to Acland. Padley’s quiet but relatively effective leadership is what meant that when the 1974 election came Democratic Labour was able to keep it’s twenty seats despite attack’s from Left and Right.

Allaun leadership was equally quiet though he would start reaching out to the new Labour leader Anthony Benn, who despite being very much a Liberal Reformer had similar views on Europe and Nuclear weapons as the Democratic Labour Party. The period of 1975 to 1980 is known to many as the ‘Constructive Criticism’ period in which Democratic Labour would help Labour with the occasional by-election and reduce criticism for the party in the hope of gaining seats in future cabinet constructed by Benn.

The 1979 election was one of the National Democrats now under the chaotic tenure of Geoffrey Howe collapsing against the Benn machine which managed to gain a sixty majority, whilst Democratic Labour would gain three extra seats. Allaun would stay on as leader that he announced he would resign before the next general election. What would ensue in his final years was slow creation of the New Democratic Party as numerous Left entities and Trade Unions would be reached out to create a ‘New Left Party’.

Allaun tenure though would end awkwardly with accusations of him being a KGB Agent and poor council and assembly elections being the end of his leadership.

Maria Fyfe was to be the first female British party leader, the youngest and also the most Left Wing. Indeed many assumed it would be Millington’s time in the sun finally but instead he would endorse Fyfe over the Old Guard Candidate in the form of Norman Atkinson as the New Left supported Fyfe and her support for creating a New Left Party. Fyfe would be the leader of Democratic Labour for about a year, mainly using it to help secure the creation of the New Democratic Party with help from Ken Coates and Hilary Wainwright in it’s creation.

In 1982 the Democratic Labour Party would be dissolved and would form the backbone of the New Democratic Party, which would unanimously election Maria Fyfe it’s new leader. The creation of this new party would have a incredible impact on the future of British politics and the role of the Left during the raise of the New Right and Social Democratic consensus of the 80s and 90s...
 
2001 - 2005: George W. Bush / Dick Cheney (Republican)
2000: Al Gore / Joe Lieberman (Democrat)
2005 - 2013: Dick Gephardt / Gary Locke (Democrat)
2008: George W. Bush / Dick Cheney (Republican)

2012: George W. Bush / Mitt Romney (Republican)
2013 - 2021: Norm Coleman / Michael Steele (Republican)
2012: Gary Locke / Hillary Clinton (Democrat), Jesse Ventura / Michael Flynn (Independent)
2016: Nina Turner / Daniel Hynes (Democrat), Michael Flynn / Cindy Sheehan (Movement for America)

2021 - 2021: Andrew Romanoff / Clay Aiken (Democrat)
2020: Christopher M. Vance / Robert Zoellick [replacing Erick Erickson] (Republican),
Michael Flynn / Charlotte Pritt (Movement for America)
2021 - 2025: Clay Aiken / Richard Hanna (National Union)



There are few politicians who’s public image plummeted as quickly as former President Dick Gephardt’s. Though remembered largely as a mediocre president, most notably due to his flip-flopping on Iraq, and the 2009 recession, though he gained major plaudits among the left for increasing Medicare and Medicaid to millions of Americans during his presidency. Following the end of his second term, and the death of Bill Clinton, Gephardt increasingly started to function as an elder statesman who would routinely fly to Moscow, as relations between Putin and Coleman increasingly worsened, and Ankara, who under a new nationalist secular junta moved away from the Western bloc, until the restoration of democracy in 2016.

Gephardt’s ties with the Russian president especially came under increasing scrutiny in the 2010s. The good relations enjoyed in the nineties were a distant memory, and both Republican and Democratic commentators were speaking of a new cold war between America and Putin’s Russia. The hawkish sentiment present in the early 2000s had never really left, though it was not as intense. Nevertheless, the absence of a credible anti-war candidate led to Ventura’s independent candidacy in 2012. Despite his failure to enter the debates, due to establishment ratfucking, or win a single state, his candidacy inspired a new movement, spearheaded by supposedly disgraced former lieutenant general Michael Flynn.

Flynn took the movement into a more pro-Russian and pro-Gaddafi direction, while at the same time increasingly filling it with right-wing populists, while at the same time the number of leftists dwindled, many opting to support progressive Ohio Governor Turner’s failed 2016 campaign instead. Following his enthusiastic endorsement of his VP Gary Locke, his far less eager support of Turner was not surprising, especially when his endorsement for Senator Hillary Clinton in the 2012 primary is taken into consideration.

However, it was the 2020 election that saw the former President’s reputation quickly diminish. Colorado Governor Romanoff’s surprise victory in the primaries was compared to Gephardt’s in 2004. A popular politician from a swing-state running in an environment that was increasingly beneficial to the Democrats. Another reason for the comparison was the fact that Romanoff was the frist non-ethnic minority Democratic candidate since the former President. Yet, Gephardt opted to endorse the Flynn/Pritt ticket instead.

This announcement sent shockwaves through the political arena, as his support for the increasingly fascistic wannabe strongman was seen as treason by many Democrats, with his former number two Locke even calling him out during his speech at the DNC. The Republicans, despite their numerous attempts, failed to capitalize on this as they would quickly have to deal with a scandal of their own with VP-candidate Erickson repeatedly shouting the n-word on a Sascha Baron Cohen live prank show. His replacement with former Coleman SoS Zoellick was received very poorly by both the Republican base, and those who supported Washington Governor Vance exactly because he offered something new.

All of this led to Flynn gaining nearly 25% of the votes, and becoming the first third-party candidate to win a state since George Wallace in 1968, as he won both West Virginia and Alabama, the latter by less than a thousand votes. Nevertheless, Romanoff managed to get a surprisingly comfortable victory, subsequently attributed to vote-splitting on the right, despite Flynn’s protests that he represented the centre, and the true conscious of Middle America.

Despite Romanoff’s promise that he would mainly focus on domestic issues, after the rowdy Coleman years, only two months into his presidency he was forced back into foreign politics, as Russian President Putin invaded the newly democratized Belarussian Republic, and deposed President Viktar Babaryka. NATO sanctions were unable to halt the joint Russo-Ukrainian invasion, though it did cause a civil war in the latter, in which the US and it’s European allies aided the pro-Western Lviv government with billions of dollars worth of aid and weaponry.

Gephardt’s mild support for the Russian led war, was received with little surprise, yet a lot of condemnations. Attempts to remove him from the Democratic party failed, but Gephardt became a pariah outside of Movement for America circles, who’s congressional delegation split between anti-Russia congresswoman Kshama Sawant, and pro-Russia senator Roy Moore. Most of what was left of the left-wing faction left the party and formed the United Front instead, though Gephardt, despite not being a member of either party, continued to speak positively of Flynn and Putin.

Another controversial foreign leader that he had something positive to say for was Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi. The increasingly eccentric strongman had severed ties with the US in the mid-2010s following generally cordial relations throughout Bush and Gephardt’s presidencies. At home the dictator faced little-to-no opposition, as minor protests were quickly put down in 2011, though this changed exactly ten years later, as growing grain prices, due to the Ukrainian civil war, led to rioting across much of the Maghreb. Only Tunisia saw more protests than Libya, as the country increasingly teetered into civil war. Gaddafi saw the situation in the neighboring country as an opportunity, and opted to ‘liberate’ the Tunisian people.

The American resposnse was swift, and only a few weeks later NATO boots landed on Tunisia, and drove the Libyans out, Romanoff and Berlusconiwanted to go one step further, and made their troops cross the Libyan border hoping to finally get rid of the madman Gaddafi. While this mission seemed to go largely successful, despite the UK and France opting out, it led to massive protests across much of the US. Mostly by Flynn supporters. For a time it seemed as if this wouldn’t lead to anything substantial, but on the 27th of September pro-Flynn elements in the United States Armed Forces waged a failed coup attempt against the Democratic government, and killed President Romanoff.

Now, a nation in a state of semi-civil war is led by former American Idol winner Clay Aiken. Fighting enemies both at home and abroad, America’s first LGBT+ President is finding it increasingly hard to retain some kind of order across the 50 states.
 
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