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The Nineteenth HoS Challenge

The Nineteenth HoS List Challenge: Women

  • The Labrys and The Trident--Walpurgisnacht

    Votes: 6 37.5%
  • Beggars Can't Be Choosers--Yokai Man

    Votes: 1 6.3%
  • Women and Children First?--Wolfram

    Votes: 8 50.0%
  • It May Be the Cock that Crows...--allthepresidentsmen

    Votes: 3 18.8%
  • Boudicca Victoria--Mumby

    Votes: 10 62.5%
  • Accelerating Progress--AH Layard

    Votes: 1 6.3%
  • Women's Business--BClick

    Votes: 9 56.3%

  • Total voters
    16
  • Poll closed .

Walpurgisnacht

It was in the Year of Maximum Danger
Location
Banned from the forum
Pronouns
He/Him
Much like the football, the list challenge is coming home. Unlike the football, it took less than 50 years.

The rules are simple; I give a prompt, and you have until 4:00pm on the 27th (or whenever I remember to post the announcement on that day) to post a list related to the prompt. As for what constitutes a list? If you'd personally post it in Lists of Heads of Government and Heads of State rather than another thread, I think that's a good enough criterion. Writeups are preferred, please don't post a blank list, and I'd also appreciate it if you titled your list for polling purposes. Once the deadline hits, we will open up a multiple choice poll, and whoever receives the most votes after a week gets the entirely immaterial prize.

As some of you may have noticed, the British woman's football team did what the men couldn't do yesterday, and won England's first major international trophy in decades, something which I am being insufferable about, as is my right as a freeborn Englishman. In honour of the Lionessess, this list challenge will accordingly be themed around Women. Making up 50% of the human race, women have often been denied their political rights, and accordingly fought for said rights, either individually or en masse. Whether you choose to chronicle the victories of a united gender or singular girlbosses, I'm sure you'll create some cracking lists.

Good luck!
 
The Labrys and The Trident
This list is also part of my "ongoing" FH worldbuilding project, Wheels of Heaven! Checking out the link in my sig...will probably not clear a whole lot up, but might be worthwhile.
Main Organisers of Femina Urbe:
2093-2097: Jo Morris (WomansForce)
2097-2098: efforts suspended due to legal judgement
2098-2105: Roxanne Keene (WomansForce)
2105-2107: Hippo Tay-Butler (WomansForce, then Pan-Feminine Tendency)
2107-2108: efforts suspended due to internal disagreements
2108-2109:
Roxanne Keene (Labrys)
2109-2113: efforts suspended due to financial irregularities
2113-2115: Gretna Danforth (Labrys)
2115-2115: efforts suspended due to legal judgement
2115-X115: Roxanne Keene (Independent)

Undersea Hideout: The No1 Aquatat Discussion Forum

>Wait, hold on, what do you guys mean by "Literal TERF Island"?

u:BeyondBio-dome: Sorry, new member. On the fora frontispiece, it says "discussion of all kinds and sizes of aquatats, from mega-cities out of Jules Verne's dreams to poorly scrawled sketches of a Literal TERF Island". What's the second one?
-------------------------

u:jon: Use the search engine, asshat.
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u:OreganoInsectLegislator: Dude, don't be a dick. u:BeyondBio-dome, I hope you're ready for a wild story.

Right, so, for a bunch of historical reasons I won't be getting into here, the UK was the centre of the TERF movement for, well, most of the period they were a thing, and they remained an existing force well after the Deluge, unlike most countries. Hence the phrase "TERF Island". Ofc, movements that end up sidelined start to get a little crazy, and TERFism was no exception. By the 2090s, the biggest remaining group were WomansForce, who'd embraced radical misandry, of the kind where men would be wiped out conceptually. I think they were big on parthogenesis? At least I hope so. Otherwise they were just Anti-Natalists with extra steps.

Anyways, physical force TERFism had failed largely thanks to being outcompeted by, well, groups that made an effort to get military knowledge, so
despite the name they started moving towards peaceful seperatism from male society. The problem was, they weren't able to get seperated enough for some of the radicals, who were more onboard with "creating a new phallus-free society" than "hanging out in a weird campsite in Staffordshire".

Now, as I'm sure you're aware, the UK has some pretty loose regulations on aquatat planning. Like, super loose. If you put up the cash to the
North Sea Planning Board, you can pretty much always get your way, even if your plans are just a screencap from SeaQuest with all the non-white people edited out of it.

I'm sure you can see where this is going.

Amazonia, the first effort to start the new women's civilisation under the sea, actually got struck down, because the New Khalistan Murders meant that the Board decided it was a good time to take the non-discrimination clauses seriously for once. This also meant that WomensFoce's leader stepped down from heading the project directly, and instead gave the role to an ally, Roxanne Keene. Oh boy, Roxanne Keene.

Keene is...well, I'm not going to beat around the bush, she's a grifter. One of a very special breed of grifters that you get a lot in fringe politics and religion, the kind who never seems to quite make the connection between their actions and their consequences, or erase the connection between their causes and their bank accounts. The ones who really think Jesus wants them to have that Cadillac. What set Keene apart from that crowd, though, was her sheer dogged bloodymindedness. Femina Urbe (the new name they chose for the second attempt; Amazonia apparently caused some issues with the Deep Greens), was actually properly researched, properly planned, and properly costed, even if said costing was...a little out of whack with the actual pricing guidelines. We'll get to that in a minute.

Now, while Keene was busy under the sea, her party was getting up to some interesting stuff on dry land. Morris had stepped down and was replaced by Hippolytia Tay-Butler, who, as the name suggests, was pretty much born into the movement. The problem with people born into the movement is that they tend to start reasoning from the ideology they're in, as opposed to starting from their own personal prejudices and slapping the ideology over it, so Hippo decided 1) she was going to start letting trans women in, since, well, they'd abandoned the masculine, right?, and 2) it'd be better strategically to merge with the Left United Front (not that WomansForce were paticularly anticapitalist, it's just that the Front collects tendencies with all the discernment and parsimony of a 9-year-old in a sweetshop). Either one of these would mean civil war.

Once the dust settled, Keene, who sided with the old guard for reasons that'll, again, become clear later, had a major problem. Apparently one of the people who left with Hippo was the person who gave WomansForce architectural advice, and now the rebranded Labrys movement had no way of drawing up a structurally sound aquatat. The obvious tack to take here was, of course, to seek another expert's advice, and Keene cast her net far and wide. Very far and wide.

On the 1st of July, 2109, the following thread was posted in the Planning and Engineering subforum of UnderseaHideout.co.uk:
>>Aquatat planning help--BIOLOGICAL WOMEN ONLY PLEASE

In case you don't feel like reading the whole thing, I don't blame you--the thread lasted for over fifty pages. By page 12, Keene had been banned, unable to handle the outrageous demand of "please do not call people who dislike your post slurs". By page 25, we'd moved onto tearing apart the actual submitted designs, at which point u:Vinch752 noticed that Keene, based on the numbers, was being absolutely bilked on the price of carbon fibre. By page 33, we'd managed to tot up the money missing on the plans compared to the amount raised, and then someone compared it against the price of houses in the Basildon area. By page 37, u:daucus_Smithson sent a screenshot of the thread to his boss at the Serious Fraud Office. By page 42, the Labrys Party had officially announced that Keene would be stepping down as head of the Femina Urbe Project and as party treasurer, "pending further review". By the time the thread was locked, we'd officially caused the end of the whole project, something Keene let us know via a sockpuppet account the next day.

The remnant of the project was revived by Labrys in 2113, only to get struck down again by the North Sea Planning Board--this time, for lack of an adequate administrative plan, and considering the debacle that was Psi-Fort Three we can only imagine how hideously loose said plans were. Keene started a crowdfunder last year to get her original plans (which are, in fairness, solid, if you ignore the budgetary holes of the exact right size to pay off her mortgage and buy a nice new lamp in the bargain) funded, but given that the Board no longer take private individuals' planning permits, that's not going to be going anywhere. Officially, the dream of an all-female settlement under the North Sea's waves is doomed--and, considering the relative size of the movement elsewhere, it might be dead everywhere else, too.

We have "Literal TERF Island" on our frontispiece for the same reason big game hunters have moose heads over their fireplaces. To commemorate the time the nerds on this forum Ended Female Seperatism Forever through the power of Noticing Mortgages.
--------------------------

u:daucus_Smithson: oregano next time u @ me pls remember I've got an eye chip now, nearly crashed bike, not pog moment
--------------------------
 
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Beggars Can’t Be Choosers

Mayors of Sector 1

2016-2017 Clotilde Armand (Save Bucharest Union,Save Romania Union)

2016 def: Andrei Chiliman (PNL),Dan Tudorache (PSD),Alexandru Nazare (PDL)

2017-2017 Dan Tudorache (Social Democratic Party,intermin Mayor)
2017 Mayoral Impeachment Referendum: 61,02% No

2017-2018 Clotilde Armand (Save Romania Union)

2018-2018 Dan Tudorache (Social Democratic Party,intermin Mayor)

2018 Mayoral Impeachment Referendum: 56,90% No

2018-2019 Clotilde Armand (Save Romania Union)

2019-2019 Dan Tudorache (Social Democratic Party,intermin Mayor)

2019 Mayoral Impeachment Referendum: 53,01% No

2019-2020 Clotilde Armand (Save Romania Union)

2020-2021 Dan Tudorache (Social Democratic Party,intermin Mayor)

2020-present day Ionel Stoica (Save Romania Union)

2021 def: Dan Tudorache (PSD),Sebastian Burduja (PNL),Adriana Bahmuțeanu (PRU)

The late Clotilde Armand became a symbol not by choice but by events. She was never really progressive in any real way and never considered herself a feminist. Her husband was an open conservative. At best her ideology was Diet Mayism.

But it didn’t matter. Compared to the rest she looked progressive and feminist and her enemies also branded her as one (as well as “Globalist” and “bloody foreigner”) so her image became that of one in the eyes of the average uninformed large Romanian normies of the Sector (who,has to be said,are semiliterate at best and more bigoted than the average Rebirth Party member). That,along with actually wanting and trying to reform the incredibly corrupt system and failing and her fights with President Dragnea over preserving whatever little remained of Romanian democracy after the impeachment of Crin Antonescu gave her a tragic legacy.

The 2016 race for the Sector was oddly close,turning into a three way race after almost all votes had been counted where to the surprise of everyone,the French foreigner won against Chiliman and Tudorache,the two political animals that dominated the Sector with their money and power. Nicușor Dan’s gang of misfit reformers had done it. They proved you can beat the establishment,that voting matters and that your voice does matter if you put in the effort.

Obviously reality kicked in unfortunately and after a few months it turned out that winning a Mayorship means jackshit if you don’t have a working majority in the Local Council. And said council was dominated by PSD and PNL who,despite harboring a grudge and being rivals in public,had the same interests in Sector 1: maintain the corruption and sleaze that they all profited from. They sure as shit weren’t gonna accept any kind of reform.

Thus started a long and pointless war against Clotilde Armand (who wanted change) and the interest groups and the garbage mafia that ran the sector (who didn’t want change and were also reactionary as hell). Due to this,no one can really say that Clotilde actually did anything as mayor,since the PSD-PNL dominated Council made things deliberately different for here,refused to vote on anything (including the budget,if they could have it then no one would) and openly insisted in public and private she either resigned immediately and fucked off back to the godless secular France or did as she was told and maybe they’ll vote some of her projects if she behaved.

Clotilde chose neither and preferred fighting against the mob. She revealed the general corruption the main parties created and wanted to maintain,as well as denouncing PNL for being hypocrites and not actually opposing Dragnea’s regime. The lack of anything real being done administratively was compensated by her fighting the constant attempts by PSD/PNL to impeach her/remove her from office by force and protests being organized almost monthly which,at least for awhile,revigorated USR and gave people some hope in the rise and rise of authoritarian forces,both in and out of government.

An interesting side effect of this was Clotilde becoming a feminist icon-ish despite,again,her not really being a feminist. But that did not matter. Both her supporters and opponents portrayed her as such. The idea mattered more than the reality.Besides,it wasn’t like people were spoiled for choice. All the other women in politics at the time like PM Carmen Dan,Interior Minister Olguța Vasilescu or Gabi Firea were all raging social conservatives that made Phyllis Schlafly look like Elizabeth Warren by comparison and openly believed feminism is a globalist plot to destroy Christianity and the traditional family. And everyone else was either not noticeable enough (all the female USR MPs) or didn’t actually have any real power/elected office and were honestly just annoying (Ioana Stăniloiu). By default Clotilde was the only real option.

Thus for a least four years she and the mob went back and forth and after awhile she decided to lean into this pre convinced image people had of her since after all,it‘s not like she could really change it and it didn’t really harm her status in USR so what the hell. Granted her husband was a little angry of this but both saw the bigger picture and decided not to divide USR even more,especially during these trying times when you could go to jail for saying a rude word in front of the Romanian flag or the cross. (Ironically,Gabi Firea,the creator of the law in question,ended up in jail as well after goons hired by Dragnea made her lose her cool near the flag). As long as she kept fighting,eventually reform would win.

And then tragedy struck.

After many years of populist referendums and far right conspiracy rhetoric,Dragnea made his greatest and dangerous mistake of his career: he fully gave in to the nutters. Never mind that he didn’t actually believe in anything and just used them for power-the nutters (and the population at large unfortunately) approved strongly of the government declaring that CoViD is a globalist plot/lie and that no restrictions shall be imposed upon the population like how SOROS and THE DEEP STATE want. Romania became just as worst as Italy or Britain in terms of CoViD rates. Funeral houses became overflowed. Parliament was suspended momentarily (officially it was because of the threat posed by HUNGARIAN irredentists,unofficially it was because Dragnea didn’t want to get ill-which still happened in mid March 2021,but for different,dumber reasons). And Daddy D profited the hell out of this-including demonizing his rivals for respecting any kind of CoViD restriction or prevention or even believing in vaccines,to the point where antivaxxers start attacking them and the police just ignored the attacks.

One of the fatal ones happened to Clotilde Armand.

The nation became even more divided than ever. Protest marches against the government’s rhetoric causing her death and counterprotests marches by antivaxxers and PSD supporters each numbered in the hundreds of thousands in terms of numbers, police violence became commonplace and Intermin President Tăriceanu seemed lost. No one in government knew how or wanted to deal with any of this,especially CoViD.

One good thing in the aftermath of this is that USR (and progressive forces as a whole) became more united. All their petty fights now seemed pointless and were forgotten-at least for awhile. Sure,they couldn’t really form the government on their own and no one really wanted them to form coalitions with them. But they were willing to fight for change as long as it needed.

And so Ionel Stoica,celebrated investigative journalist,aide to Clotilde and actual social progressive,continued her fight in Sector 1 and not only won the Mayorship,but a majority in the local council as well to surprise of everyone,including himself. People finally had enough.They wanted change. Sure,they wouldn’t argue on what thing of change but that didn’t matter in that moment. Feminism and progressivism have been aided a victory by Clotilde in the end ironically. Was she really one? No,not really. The myth of Clotilde the feminist is by all intends and purposes fake. But it did help get a real one elected.

Besides,Romania is the Wild West. And as John Ford taught all us,whem the legend becomes fact, print the legend.
 
Women and Children First?

1969-1972: Nelson Rockefeller (Republican)
'68 (with John Tower) def. Robert F. Kennedy (Democratic)
1972-1973: John Tower (Republican)
1973-1977: Louise Day Hicks (Democratic)
'72 (with Henry M. Jackson) def. John Tower (Republican), John Lindsay (Liberal), Frances Farenthold (Women's)
1977-1985: Claudia Alta Johnson (Democratic)
'76 (with Patrick Lucey) def. William Westmoreland (Republican), Elly Peterson (Independent Republican)
'80 (with Patrick Lucey) def. Phyllis Schlafly (Republican)

1985-1989: Anita Bryant (Republican)
'84 (with Dick Cheney) def. Frances Farenthold (Democratic), Peter Ueberroth (New American)
1989-1997: Geraldine Ferraro (Democratic)
'88 (with Joan Finney) def. Anita Bryant (Republican), Peter Ueberroth (New American)
'92 (with Joan Finney) def. Jack Kemp (Republican), Martha Griffiths (Women's)

1997-2001: Hillary Rodham (Democratic)
'96 (with Jane Harman) def. Connie Binsfeld (Republican), H. Ross Perot (Men's)
2001-2009: Elizabeth Hanford (Republican)
'00 (with George W. Bush) def. Hillary Rodham (Democratic), Donald Trump (Men's)
'04 (with George W. Bush) def. Ann Richards (Democratic), Donald Trump (Independent)

2009-2013: Linda Smith (Republican)
'08 (with Katherine Harris) def. Tim Kaine (Democratic)
2013-2021: Amy Klobuchar (Democratic)
'12 (with Kirsten Gillibrand) def. Linda Smith (Republican)
'16 (with Kirsten Gillibrand) def. Heather Wilson (Republican)

2021-: Cecile Richards (Democratic)
'20 (with Debbie Insley) def. Linda Smith (Republican)

ABSTRACT: Since the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment in 1972, a woman has been chosen in every Presidential election. Drawing on past research on how women in politics are seen in general, we seek to trace the paths of several competing narratives about woman politicians - 'women as caretakers', as exemplified by media discourse around the presidencies of Claudia Johnson, Elizabeth Hanford, and Cecile Richards; 'women as protectors', as exemplified by media discourse around the presidencies of Louise Day Hicks, Geraldine Ferraro, and Linda Smith; and 'women as fighters', as exemplified by media discourse around the presidencies of Anita Bryant, Hillary Rodham, and Amy Klobuchar. Furthermore, we seek to trace the political environments that give rise to those narratives, and conversely those that make them harder to hold.

The Equal Rights Amendment affected American politics as a Schelling point more than a practical matter: though there were few formal obstacles to woman politicians being elected or wielding power, the ERA allowed women and male feminists to coordinate efforts to increase female representation as an ethical matter, a gesture to the female majority in the electorate, and an effort to make use of then-common beliefs that women were naturally more peaceful and forthright, a welcome change in the post-Vietnam era. However, the latter put women politicians in a double bind - most of the feminist movement was associated with left-liberals, but many voters (especially but not exclusively men) were leery of women politicians, both because they were viewed as inherently liberal by conservatives and because they were viewed as incapable of the 'toughness' of male politicians. Louise Day Hicks solved that problem by performing a form of 'toughness' that appealed to cultural conservatives both because of its conservative, anti-busing, content, and because of its femininity: it was specifically tied to an ideal of mothers protecting their children.

However, that image fell apart over the course of her presidency, for two primary reasons. One was that she came into conflict with 'organized masculinity': her support for 'wage restraint' for unionized factory workers during the inflationary crisis of the 1970s opened her up to criticism that she was poorly serving physical laborers because of her personal lack of understanding or respect for physical labor. Another reason was that the challenges of her later presidency - that same economic crisis, the increasing salience of environmentalism, and cultural concerns over the direction and scale of mass consumerism - were poorly adapted to the image she had set for herself. The ideal of a feminine, and specifically maternal, protector of children from the dangers of the outside world was difficult to adapt to the nature of the crises of the 1970s, constituted by more subtle and internal forms of malaise and danger. As such, Claudia Alta "Lady Bird" Johnson was able to take advantage of a groundswell of internal discontent within the Democratic Party to prevent Hicks' renomination, using her own performed image of a caretaking, nurturing femininity in order to undermine Hicks' claim to uniquely represent 'the mothers and children of Middle America'...

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"In all of British political history, there has arguably been no fall from grace more dramatic than that of Margaret Thatcher. Her landslide loss in 1983 to Tony Benn triggered many claims that her premiership had poisoned the well for all future women PM-aspirants. And yet, every subsequent PM to have won a general election after her landslide loss in 1983 (with the exception of the aforementioned Benn) has been a woman - whether they be steadfast conservatives like Bottomley, moderates like Kirkbride and Kelly, or leftists like Truss.

Using your own knowledge and the above prompt, evaluate the view that Margaret Thatcher paved the way for subsequent female Prime Ministers."
- British A-Level Politics 30-mark question, 2023

Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
1979-1982: Margaret Thatcher (Conservative)
1979 (Majority): def. James Callaghan (Labour), David Steel (Liberal)
1982-1983: Geoffrey Howe (Conservative)
1983-1993: Tony Benn (Labour)
1983 (Majority): def. Geoffrey Howe (Conservative), David Steel & Roy Jenkins (Liberal - SDP Alliance)
1987 (Majority): def. Michael Heseltine (Conservative), David Steel & David Owen (Liberal - SDP Alliance)
1992 (Minority): def. Chris Patten (Conservative), David Owen (Democratic)

1993-1998: Margaret Beckett (Labour)
1994 (Minority, coalition with Democratic): def. Chris Patten (Conservative), Paddy Ashdown (Democratic)
1998-2009: Virginia Bottomley (Conservative)
1998 (Majority): Margaret Beckett (Labour), Paddy Ashdown (Democratic)
2002 (Majority): Jack Straw (Labour), Menzies Campbell (Democratic), Jeremy Corbyn (Independent Labour - Socialist Campaign Group)
2006 (Majority): Alan Johnson (Labour), Vince Cable (Democratic)

2009-2010: Dominic Grieve (Conservative)
2010-Apr. 2017: Ruth Kelly (Labour)
2010 (Minority, coalition with Democratic): def. Dominic Grieve (Conservative), Simon Hughes (Democratic)
2012 (Majority): def. John Bercow (Conservative), Simon Hughes (Democratic)
Mar. 2017 (Minority): def. Oliver Letwin (Conservative), Nick Clegg (Democratic), Alex Salmond (SNP)

Apr.-Jul. 2017: Tony Blair (Labour)
2017-2022: Julie Kirkbride (Conservative)
Jul. 2017 (Majority): def. Tony Blair (Labour), Alex Salmond (SNP), Nick Clegg (Democratic), John McDonnell (Independent Labour - Socialist Campaign Group), Nigel Farage (Sovereignty)
2022-0000: Elizabeth Truss (Labour)
2022 (Majority): def. Julie Kirkbride (Conservative), Rishi Sunak (Democratic), John Swinney & Nicola Sturgeon (SNP), Nigel Farage (Sovereignty), Alex Salmond (Alba)

Colours:
Labour: E04646
Conservative: 3494FA
Liberal: FAC51C
SDP: 9365B8
Democratic: 9900FF
SNP: FBA026
Sovereignty: 475577
Independent Labour - Socialist Campaign Group: B8312F
Alba: 3366CC

And yes, I did enjoy screwing Blair by making him the shortest-serving PM of all time (three months, Tonbridge Briar! THREE MONTHS! Shouldn't have knifed Kelly now should ya, you [expletive]?)
 
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Boudicca Victoria

The 'Three Goddesses' of the British Tribes (according to Roman sources c. 2nd Century)

Boudicca - Queenship, Icenic Confederacy
Andraste - Victory, War
Brigantia - Victory, Brigantic Confederacy​

Boudicca's victory over the Roman legions, followed by Nero's decision to withdraw Roman rule from the province of Britannia, led to the establishment of the Icenic Confederacy over much of the formerly Roman-ruled portion of Britain. Ironically, following Boudicca's death, the Iceni benefited enormously from Roman infrastructure, the adoption and co-option of Roman military technology and innovations, and close proximity to the Empire and the trade they enjoyed in return. Boudicca was deified upon her death, becoming hailed as a goddess of Queenship across the island, even beyond the boundaries of the Icenic Confederacy. This was in part thanks to her victory proving to be the salvation of the Druids of Mona, who demonstrated their gratitude by formally blessing her Queenship upon Nero's withdrawal of any remaining Roman presence.

Andraste was invoked by Boudicca during her campaign to expel the Romans and has ascended to a primacy amongst the British tribes - clearly her blessing had a real impact. Andraste tends to be more highly regarded in the Icenic Confederacy but has had inroads in the North and even to a certain extent in Gaul, where the Romans have variously identified her with Victoria, Minerva and Juno.

Brigantia fills a similar role to Andraste in the Brigantic Confederacy that spans much of the territory the Romans - and her worship has absorbed elements of that directed toward Andraste and Boudicca. Brigantia is identified as the deity representing the Brigantic Confederacy in much the same way that Bouddica is identified with the Icenic Confederacy.
 
My first entry, hopefully ok!:

Accelerating Progress

It was not immediately apparent that the Chartist Revolution of 1848-49 heralded a revolution in the role of women in British society. The new Constitution of 1850 granted the vote for every man over the age of 21, Catholic Emancipation, the secret ballot, no property qualifications for MPs, salaries for MPs, and annual parliamentary elections - but no further rights for women. The end of paper taxes and the explosion of political radicalism, however, provided the space for the women’s movement to grow. Further constitutional reforms such as the Martineau Bill of 1857 and the Mill Bill of 1868 extended the vote to married women and then to all women over the age of 21.

In an attempt to attract the new mass female electorate, the National Reform Conference nominated Barbara Bodichon, MP for Hitchin and Minister for Education in the last reform government as its Prime Minister designate ahead of the 1875 parliamentary election. Bodichon was the illegitimate daughter of a radical Whig politician and Unitarian, and unusually for a girl in the pre-revolutionary days had been educated at school. Displaying a formidable intellect and strength of character, Bodichon became a leading figure in the women’s movement in the 1850s and was among the first female members elected to the House of Commons in 1858. In 1867, she was appointed as Education Minister in the Lucraft government, and was instrumental in extending educational opportunities to girls. A keen artist, she democratised access to the Royal Academy School and increased its funding. In 1875, Bodichon led the Reform party to defeat Cavendish’s National Union, and was asked by King George V to form a government. Bodichon governed with the support of the emerging Labour Party. Amidst the backdrop of a trade recession, Bodichon nationalised the operation of the Poor Law and educational boards, opened up higher education to women, and granted Home Rule to Ireland.

Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

1812 - 1830: Lord Liverpool (Conservative)
1830 - 1831: The Duke of Devonshire (Whig broadbottom)
1831 - 1840: Lord Lyndhurst (Conservative)
1840 - 1848: The Duke of Newcastle (Conservative)
1848 - 1849: The Duke of Wellington (Conservative)

1849 - 1851: Lord Brougham (Whig caretaker)
1851 - 1855: Thomas Wakley (Reform)
1855 - 1858: Thomas Thompson (Radical Whig-Reform coalition)
1858 - 1867: A.H. Layard (National Union with Conservative support)
1867 - 1871: Benjamin Lucraft (Reform minority)
1871 - 1875: Spencer Cavendish (National Union with Conservative support)
1875 -: Barbara L.S. Bodichon (Reform and Labour minority)
 
(feel free to discount this one as I know it's past the deadline)

Woman's Business

Speakers of the Women’s Chamber

1921-1923: Ida Tarbell (Women’s Non-Partisan Union)
1920 def. Alice Paul (National Women’s), Rebecca Latimer Felton (Democratic), Ruth Hanna McCormick (Republican)
1923-1929: Alice Mary Robertson (Women’s Non-Partisan Union)
1924 def. Alice Paul (National Women’s), Ruth Bryan Owen (Democratic), Ruth Hanna McCormick (Republican), Ida Tarbell (Women’s Progressive)
1929: Ida Tarbell (National Women’s – Participationist, minority)
1928 def. Crystal Eastman (National Women’s – Abstentionist), Ruth Bryan Owen (Democratic)
1929: Chamber abolished by the 26th Amendment, which guaranteed women the right to vote in “regular” (or “men’s”) elections.

No WWI and a conservative government in Washington hold back the suffrage movement, and the Progressive anti-suffragist Ida Tarbell brokers a compromise, where instead of full electoral rights women get to elect a separate, non-legislative reviewing chamber of Congress. (Tarbell's argument was that women already have a role in the political sphere, that of lobbyists with the full authority of nonpartisan motherhood behind them; giving them the vote would eliminate that unique voice and role, and soil them with the mucky business of male-dominated partisan politics - it's a funky mix of traditionalist conservatism and proto-separatist feminism. She didn't advocate anything like this model IOTL but hey the Progressives were into constitutional tinkering.)

It doesn't work super well. The "men's" parties don't take it very seriously, as you can see by them sending Felton to it, and the NWP enters it only to dismantle it. Tarbell's organization turns out to be full of conservatives who don't quite get her unique brand of "separate spheres" feminism and oust her, so she eventually ends up siding with her enemies on the left and right to keep the chamber viable. The whole thing gets wound up in the late 20s when the agrarian depression leads to big political upheaval and the introduction of full suffrage, but some later generations of feminists have looked back on it with nostalgia as a worthy experiment in women's self-governance...
 
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With that rather last-minute entry (you may thank the supporters of Leeds United and Brighton and Hove Albion, and their lust for pies), submissions are now closed!

As always, the poll is up, and vote early and vote often!
 
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Our closest vote for a while, but we have a winner! Congratulations to @Mumby and his list Boudicca Victoria, and comiserations to our losers!

The next challenge will be up tomorrow as usual.

Whilst Horrible Histories is great, I think Enya would have been equally appropriate.
 
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