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TheNixonator’s Test Thread

So I just so happened to have taken a bunch of notes on Oregon during the civil war for a forthcoming project (not AH-related or anything to do with this site, don't worry). Here's a quick sketch.

Quotes and stats come from a book on the topic (Frontier Politics and the Sectional Conflict: The Pacific Northwest on the Eve of the Civil War, by Robert W. Johannsen), not sure how easy it will be to find though given it came out in 1955.
  • In 1860, Oregon was roughly 60% Midwestern and 20% Southern by birth, with Northeasterners concentrated in the cities where they had an outsize influence. Southerners were most common in Jackson, Josephine, Douglas, and Umpqua Counties (the southwestern corner of the state), where many of them mined gold. There was another pocket in Lane County west of Eugene, around the towns of Veneta and Monroe.
  • It was a Democrat state. Oregon entered the Union at a time when the Whigs were falling apart and Republicans struggling to be organized. The populace was Jeffersonian in ideology - agrarian frontiersmen who bore some resentment towards the federal government due to their years of unsuccessfully requesting statehood. Early politics were dominated by the “Salem Clique” of Democrats and by Senator Joseph Lane, a prominent doughface who served as Breckinridge's running mate.
  • Regional heterogeneity, free labor ideology, and white supremacy result in Oregon taking what one historian calls a “conservative centrist” approach to the question of slavery by simply banning Black residency. In 1857, Oregonians vote 75% in favor of a ban on slavery and 89% in favor of Black exclusion. Even the state Republican Party, once organized, was conservative and anti-abolitionist, contained a lot of supporters of Edward Bates.
  • Some early settlers had brought slaves with them – maybe a hundred or so in the territory – but they were mostly free by 1860, especially after the Holmes v. Ford case in 1853. Black settlement ban very rarely enforced but certainly discouraged settlement and enabled bigotry.
  • Overall: Oregon has a strong unionist majority despite being racist. (Salem Clique boss Asahel Bush says: “Let not black republicanism lay the flattering unction to its soul that we are free soilish here.”) There was a high Breckinridge vote in 1860 but Johannsen argues that most of his voters were that conservative unionist type who were fine with just giving the South whatever it wanted to keep the USA together. The Salem Clique supported the Douglas Democrats.
  • Lincoln won the state due to vote splitting, and due to the efforts of his friend Edward Dickinson Baker, who was elected as Oregon's Senator (and later died in battle).
  • Conservative Oregonians wanted “compromise” to prevent civil war but that obviously wasn't possible, most people publicly stood by the union and Lincoln once war started. Notable exception is Governor John Whiteaker, who tried to declare neutrality at the start of the war and got a lot of shit for it. He was replaced with a Republican in 1862.
  • Rumors of a Pacific Republic conspiracy abounded. One paper dismisses it: “No one in Oregon thinks of such a thing, unless it is some brainless squirt of Democracy who is not able to pay his board bill.” Lol.
  • Joseph Lane came back after the campaign and it was widely assumed that he was going to try launching a Pacific Republic insurrection. He was met with angry mobs and slunk home. While staying overnight in Dallas, he saw himself hanged in effigy.
  • During and after the war, there were a few incidents of unrest but nothing as big as in SoCal:
I think to semi-plausibly have Oregon join the Pacific Republic you'd have to make it seem like the "conservative centrist" option - that is, make the Republicans look radical and dangerous and disunionist. Maybe Lane does get lynched, or there's some aggressive and sloppy attempt to remove Governor Whiteaker.
Thank you very much! This will definitely help me when it comes to Oregon's role in the Pacific Republic.
In a strictly realistic TL I don't think these would do it, but it seems like you want to focus on the story of the Pacific Republic itself, so it probably doesn't have to be perfect around the edges.
Yeah that's pretty much what I'm going for. I realize that realistically speaking a Pacific Coast Republic would have most likely failed, but it's fun to speculate and think about how the nation would function if it did succeed.
 
List of Executives of the Semi-Autonomous Republic of New York:
1897: S.A.R.N.Y. established
1896 Independence Referendum: 66% Yes
1897-1898: Henry George (Independent)
Appointed by Jacob S. Coxey
1898-1910: Samuel Gompers (Labor)
1897 def. (Columbian) and various independents
1901 def. Robert Van Wyck (Columbian)
1905 def. Louis Francis Haffen (Columbian)
1910-1914: Henry A.W. Wood (Columbian)
1909 def.
1914-1922:
1913 def. Henry A.W. Wood (Columbian)
1917 def.
1922-1930:
1921 def.
1925 def.
1930-1935: Jimmy Walker (Columbian)
1929 def.
1933 def. Herbert Lehman (Labor)
1935-1938:
Replaced Jimmy Walker
1938-1953: Joe Steele (Labor)
1937 def.
1941 def. scattered opposition
1945 def. Vito Marcantonio (“True” Labor)
1949: effectively unopposed
1953: effectively unopposed
1953-1954: Alphonse Capone (Labor)
Replaced Joe Steele
1954-1954: Hulan Jack (Labor)
Replaced Alphonse Capone
1954-1960: Borough Presidential Council
Replaced Hulan Jack
1960: Dissolution of S.A.R.N.Y.
As per the 1956 Agreement
 
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List of Presidents of the United States (2nd Republic):
1789-1861: OTL
1861-1863: Abraham Lincoln (Republican)*
1860 (with Hannibal Hamlin) def. John Breckinridge (Southern Democratic), Stephen Douglas (Northern Democratic), and John Bell (Constitutional Union)
1863-1865: Hannibal Hamlin (Republican)**
Replaced Abraham Lincoln
1864-1869: George McClellan (Military)
Replaced Hannibal Hamlin
1864: postponed/Republican ticket proscribed
1869-1872: George McClellan (Democratic)***
1868 (with David Tod) def. scattered opposition
1872 (with Reverdy Johnson) def. Fernando Wood ('Copperhead' Opposition)
1872-1886: Winfield Scott Hancock (Democratic)****
Replaced George McClellan
1876 (with Reverdy Johnson) def. Benjamin Butler ('Agrarian' Opposition)
1880 (with William S. Rosecrans) def. Solon Chase ('Agrarian' Opposition)
1886-1889: William S. Rosecrans (Democratic)
Replaced Winfield Scott Hancock
1889-1894: John M. Palmer (Democratic)*****
1888 (with Samuel J. Randall) def. scattered opposition
1892 (with Samuel J. Randall) def. scattered opposition

* Resigned amidst charges of impeachment.
** Assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.
*** Forced out of office.
**** Died due to complications with diabetes.
***** Overthrown in Coxey's Coup.


List of Presidents of the United States (3rd Republic)
1894-1901: Jacob S. Coxey (Commonwealth)
Overthrew John M. Palmer
1896 (with William J. Bryan) def. scattered opposition
1901-1909: Henry George (Commonwealth)
1900 (with Lorenzo Lewelling) def. James S. Sherman (Liberty)
1904 (with Henry M. Teller) def. Charles J. Bonaparte (Liberty)
1909-1921: Theodore Roosevelt (Liberty)
1908 (with Wyatt Earp) def. Thomas Tibbles (Commonwealth)
1912 (with Wyatt Earp) def. Eugene Debs (Commonwealth)
1916 (with Wyatt Earp) def. Charlie Moyer (Commonwealth)
1921-1925: Jacob S. Coxey (Commonwealth)
1920 (with Maximillian Hayes) def. Theodore Roosevelt (Liberty)
1925-1929: Charles G. Dawes (Liberty)
1924 (with Alex Groesbeck) def. Maximillian Hayes (Commonwealth)
1929-1933: Floyd Olson (Commonwealth)
1928 (with Daniel Hoan) def. Charles G. Dawes (Liberty)
1933-1941: Horace G. Schacht (Liberty)
1932 (with J. Hamilton Lewis) def. Floyd Olson (Commonwealth)
1936 (with J. Hamilton Lewis) def. Anton Cermak (replacing Marion Zioncheck) (Commonwealth)
1941-1945: Bill Langer (Commonwealth)
1940 (with John L. Lewis) def. Gardner Cowles Jr. (Liberty)
1945-1949: Harold Stassen (Liberty)
1944 (with Everett Dirksen) def. Bill Langer ("Agrarian" Commonwealth) and Jasper McLevy ("Socialist" Commonwealth)
1949-1952: Harold Stassen (National Union)*
1948 (with Rex Tugwell) def. scattered opposition
1952 (with Rex Tugwell) def. scattered opposition
1952-1955: Rex Tugwell (National Union)
Replaced Harold Stassen
Newstates Constitution passed

* Assassinated by Confederate insurgents.

List of Presidents of the Newstates of America:
1955-1964: Rex Tugwell (National Union, then Centralist)
1955 (with George Marshall & Bob Garst) def. scattered opposition
1958 Referendum: Approval (89.5%)
1961 Referendum: Approval (84.3%)
1964-1973: Averell Harriman (Centralist)
1964 (with Ted Sorenson & Tommy Corcoran) def. Everett Dirksen (Conservative)
1967 Referendum: Approval (70.2%)
1970 Referendum: Approval (71.4%)
1973-1982: Joe Kennedy Jr. (Centralist)
1973 (with Richard "Nicky" Nixon & Bobby Kennedy) def. Earl "Rusty" Butz (Conservative) and Jimmy Hoffa (Brotherhood)
1976 Referendum: Approval (56.7%)
1979 Referendum: Approval (54.3%)
1982-1988: Richard "Nicky" Nixon (Centralist)
1982 (with Paul Tsongas & Bill Ruckelshaus) def. John B. Anderson (Conservative), Wayne Cryts (Populist), and William W. Winspinger (Brotherhood)
1985 Referendum: Approval (64.9%)
1988 Referendum: Disapproval (60.1%)
1988-1991: Paul Tsongas (Centralist, then New)
Replaced Richard "Nicky" Nixon
1991-19xx: Lyndon LaRouche (Brotherhood)
1991 (with Jim Traficant & William J. McCarthy) def. Jack Kemp (Conservative), Paul Tsongas (New), and Mike Gravel (Ind. Populist)
 
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Political Career of Joe Kennedy Jr.:
1951-1958: Representative (National Union) for MA-11
1950: effectively unopposed
1952: effectively unopposed
1954: effectively unopposed
1956: effectively unopposed
1958-1962: Representative (Centralist) for MA-11
1958: effectively unopposed
1960: effectively unopposed
1964-1973: Member (Centralist) of the National Planning Board
Appointed by Averell Harriman
1973-1982: President (Centralist) of the Newstates of America
1973 (with Richard "Nicky" Nixon & Robert Kennedy) def. Earl "Rusty" Butz (Conservative) and Jimmy Hoffa (Brotherhood)
1976 Referendum: Approval (56.7%)
1979 Referendum: Approval (54.3%)
1982-1999: Senator (Centralist) from Massachusetts
Appointed by Richard "Nicky" Nixon
Political Career of Richard "Nicky" Nixon:
1955-1973: Chief (National Union, then Centralist) of the Bureau of Investigation
Appointed by the Regulatory Board
1973-1982: Vice-President (Centralist) of the Newstates of America
1973 (under Joe Kennedy Jr.) def. Earl "Rusty" Butz (Conservative) and Jimmy Hoffa (Brotherhood)
1982-1988: President (Centralist) of the Newstates of America
1982 (with Paul Tsongas & Bill Ruckelshaus) def. John B. Anderson (Conservative) and William W. Winspinger (Brotherhood)
1985 Referendum: Approval (64.9%)
1988 Referendum: Disapproval (60.1%)
Political Career of Paul Tsongas:
1969-1973: Member (Centralist) of the Lowell City Council
1969 def.
1971 def.
1973-1975: Private citizen; political activist
1975-1978: Representative (Centralist) for MA-05
1974 def.
1976 def.
1978 def.
1978-1982: Member (Centralist) of the Regulatory Board
Appointed by the Senate
1982-1988: Vice-President (Centralist) of the Newstates of America
1982 (under Richard "Nicky" Nixon) def. John B. Anderson (Conservative) and William W. Winspinger (Brotherhood)
1988-1991: President (Centralist, then New) of the Newstates of America
Replaced Richard "Nicky" Nixon
1991: New Presidential nominee
1991 (with Colin Powell & Peter Petropoulos) def. by Hermyle LaRouche (Brotherhood)
 
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1949-1953: Robert Taft (Republican)
'48 (with Sam C. Ford) def. Harry Truman (Democratic) and Storm Thurmond (States' Rights)
'52 (with Sam C. Ford) def. William O. Douglas (Democratic)
1953-1957: Sam C. Ford (Republican)
Replaced Taft
1957-1961: Will Rogers Jr. (Democratic)
'56 (with Spessard Holland) def. B. Carroll Reece (Republican)
1961-1965: Alf Landon (Republican)
'60 (with Fred A. Hartley Jr.) def. Will Rogers Jr. (Democratic) and Harry Byrd (States' Rights)
1965-1973: Gaylord Nelson (Democratic)
'64 (with Joseph S. Clark Jr.) def. Fred A. Hartley Jr. (Republican)
'68 (with Joseph S. Clark Jr.) def. Nils Boe (Republican)
1973-1981:
'72 (with ) def.
'76 (with ) def. Dan Walker (Democratic)
1981-1985:
1985-1989:
1989-1997:
 
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Electoral History of Albert Maver Winn:
1849: Member (Nonpartisan) of the Sacramento City Council
1849: elected unopposed
1849-1850: President (Nonpartisan) of the Sacramento City Council
1849: Elected by the Sacramento City Council
1849: Organized Independent Order of Odd Fellows in Sacramento
1850-1857: Brigadier-General of the California State Militia
1850: Appointed by John Bigler
1853: Joined Sons of Temperance
1854: Re-appointed by John Bigler
1855: Joined Sacramento Pioneers Association
1855: Joined Order of the Star Spangled Banner
1857-1860: President of the California Swampland Commission
1857: Elected unopposed
1860: Know-Nothing candidate for California State Legislature
1860: Defeated by Democratic candidate
1860-1861: Private citizen, newspaper editor, "The Shop and the Senate"
1861-1863: Officer in the Pacifican Army
1861: Enlisted
1863-1867: Private citizen, political activist, People's Party
1867-1869: President of the Mechanic State Council
1867: Elected unopposed
1869-1874: Brother-President of the Native Sons of the Golden West
1869: Elected unopposed
1874-1881: Governor (People's) of New Albion
1873: Defeated Henry Huntley Haight
1877: Defeated Frank McCoppin
1881: People's Nominee for President
1881: With William W. Thayer, defeated by Tomas A. Sanchez
1881-1883: Private citizen, political activist, People's Party
 
1961-1963: Richard Nixon (Republican)*
1960 (with Henry C. Lodge Jr.) def. John F. Kennedy (Democratic)
1963-1964: Henry C. Lodge Jr. (Republican)**
Replaced Nixon
1964-1973: Curtis LeMay (Nonpartisan)***
Replaced Lodge
1964 (with none): postponed
1968 (with none): def. Mark Hatfield (Nonpartisan)
1972 (with none): no legal opposition
1973-1974: People's Congress
Replaced LeMay
1973 Constitutional Convention held
1974-19xx: Tom McCall ("Third Force")****
1974 (with George McGovern & John Lindsay) def. various "Pro-Jamboree Independent" tickets

* Assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald.
** Overthrown by military due to "mishandling" of the Cuban War.
*** Overthrown by the People's Army Jamboree.
**** Unofficial name of McCall's coalition; political parties were declared null by 1973 Constitution.
 
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This is an astoundingly good name for an American Carnation Revolution, gotta say.

It was the name of an anti-war group in Portland IOTL, not sure if it was used more widely than that / if @TheNixonator got it somewhere else. They were the folks behind the rally that McCall staged Vortex I to prevent (and the folks that George Atiyeh was accused of selling explosives to).
 
I found a good obscure politician that I have literally seen used nowhere in AH:
banks.png
Llewelyn A. Banks was a journalist, orchardist, and political activist (though as far as I've read, he never ran for political office himself) in Jackson County, Oregon. During the Great Depression, he founded the Good Government Congress, a populist/agrarian organization who effectively controlled the county for a short time, with most of its members being farmers. His time in politics ended in 1933 when he was sentenced to life for murdering a cop who was arresting him for ballot theft. Shortly after this incident, the GGC movement effectively ended as members wanted to disassociate themselves with a murderer.

Banks' ideology is hard to exactly pinpoint, but I'd say it's safe to put in the fascist category, though he called himself an anti-fascist. He was a Agrarianist, anti-Semite, anti-Catholic, and British Isrealist. Another thing of note Banks initially supported the idea of John Pershing becoming supreme dictator, before switching it to Smedley Butler. Eventually, he became a supporter of Huey Long, believing him to be America's national savior. He additionally supported the Khaki Shirts of America.
 
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The Money of the Pacific Republic:
¢1 - Andrew Jackson
¢5 - William T'Vault
¢10 - California grizzly bear
¢25 - Albert M. Winn
¢50 - John McLoughlin
$1 - William M. Gwin
$5 - Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
$10 - Lady Justice
$20 - Salacia
$50 - George Washington
$100 - Minerva
 
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