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Lists of Heads of Government and Heads of State

Chief Ministers of Scotland, 1915-present:

1915-1923: William Henry Cowan (Liberal)
1923-1926: John Gilmour (Unionist)
1926-1929: Cunninghame Graham (National League)
1929-1934: Roland Muirhead (National League)
1934-1949: John Buchan (Unionist)
1949-1951: John Kevan McDowall (Unionist)
1951-1963: Andrew Dewar Gibb (National League)
1963-1965: Jo Grimond (National League)
1965-1969: John Gilmour (Unionist)
1969-1974: Jo Grimond (National League)
1974-1979: Paul Cathcart (National League)
1979-1982: Adam Kelly (Radical)
1982-1991: Iain Currie (National League)
1991-1992: Anne Seton (National League)
1992-2010: Jack Durie (Unionist)
2010-2012: Stuart Conroy (Unionist)
2012-2015: Connie Baird (Radical)
2015-2017: Mike Tunney (Radical)
2017-2019: Angus Conte (Unionist)
2019-: Mike Tunney (Radical)

The Scottish Home Rule Bill passed not long after the Irish Home Rule. It's first elections were held a couple of months after the Liberal victory at Westminster in 1915- "the last landslide"- and produced a similar triumph in Scotland. The passing of Home Rule, the Panic of '23, Horatio Bottomley's mixed success in attempting to neuter the Home Rule Parliaments and the disastrous end to the First Great War led to a created a strong surge of Scottish Nationalism, being both the cause and effect of Cunninghame Graham's formation of the National League of Scotland. The League dominated the Scottish Parliament for over fifty years.

While founded by a Socialist and governing in coalition with the Independent Labour party in its early years, after Graham's death in 1929 the National League shifted away from the left over time and evolved into a big-tent outfit that traded in populism towards both the right and left. The party's ethos of a distinct Scottish identity was shared by the Scottish Unionists with whom they frequently traded power. It was under Grimond that what that the Liberal reforms and movements that are now known as the "Silent Revolution" swept Scotland, serving as the model for Allan Bertram's own liberal reforms through the 1970s. Grimond's efforts to push the party back leftwards eventually led to a severe backlash from the party machine.

Prime Minister Allan Bertram in many ways caused the peak of the National League. He revived the fortunes of the long-moribund Scottish Radicals, who came to displace them their dominance over many Westminster seats. The party took full advantage of the leftist spring brought about by Grimond, who himself stood as a Radical Candidate for Westminster and served in Bertram's third Ministry. Cathcart and Currie were widely viewed as machine politicians in a party that was increasingly viewed as hollowed-out and self-serving, invoking Scottish nationalism and picking fights with Westminster only when there was an election to be won. The Second Great War strongly enhanced a sense of British national identity across the Commonwealth, and the postwar recession was especially severe in Scotland, where Currie was blamed for mismanagement and corruption with the wartime economy.

Corruption scandals and a resurgent Scottish Unionist Party ultimately felled the National League and sent them to third place for the first time in their history. As Jack Durie established his own iron grip on Scotland and its institutions, the League quickly collapsed into infighting as it struggled for a rationale beyond being a party of government. Effectively bankrupt, the party dissolved in 2001. It was succeeded by the Scottish Freedom Alliance, a more left-leaning outfit that explicitly supports Scottish Independence from the Commonwealth. It participated as a junior partner in the Baird and first Tunney Governments.
 
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@Japhy: "America hasn't had a President since Lincoln was assassinated" is difficult to achieve in list form

Presidents of the United States of America (The First Republic)

1861-1864: Abraham Lincoln (Republican)
1860 (with Hannibal Hamlin) def. John C. Breckinridge ('Southern' Democratic), John Bell (Constitutional Union), Stephen A. Douglas ('Northern' Democratic)
1864-1865: Hannibal Hamlin / Andrew Johnson / Ulysses S. Grant (National Union 'Provisional Triumvirate')
1865-1866: Benjamin Wade (Republican presiding over Constitutional Convention)

Triumvirs of the United States of America (The Second Republic)

1866-1867: Benjamin Wade / Ulysses S. Grant / Andrew Johnson (National Union 'Provisional Triumvirate')
1867-1871: Ulysses S. Grant / John C. Fremont / Benjamin Wade (National Union / Radical Republican)
1866 def. Horace Greeley (Radical Republican), Andrew Johnson (National Union), various Democratic tickets, John Cochrane (Radical Republican)
1871-1875: Ulysses S. Grant / Benjamin Wade / Salmon P. Chase (National Union)
1870 def. Horace Greeley (Radical Republican / Democratic), John C. Fremont (Radical Republican), Horatio Seymour (Democratic), Charles Sumner (Radical Republican), various other Democratic tickets
...

1999-2003: Colin Powell / Lamar Alexander / Al Gore (Unionist)
1998 def. Pat Buchanan / Bob Dornan / Oliver North (Democratic), various Radical tickets
2003-2007: Colin Powell / Al Gore / John McCain (Unionist)
2002 def. Pat Buchanan / Pat Robertson / Chuck Baldwin (Democratic), various Radical tickets
2007-2011: John McCain / Mike Huckabee / Al Gore (Unionist / Democratic)
2006 def. Wesley Clark (Unionist), Alan Keyes / Chuck Baldwin (Democratic), various Radical tickets
2011-2012: Mike Huckabee / John McCain / Alan Keyes (Democratic / Unionist)
2010 def. Wesley Clark / Al Gore (Unionist), Rick Santorum (Democratic), Dennis Kucinich (Radical), various other Radical tickets
2012-2015: John McCain / Alan Keyes / vacant (Unionist / Democratic)
2015-2019: Joe Biden / Bernie Sanders / Mitt Romney (Unionist / Radical)
2014 def. Alan Keyes / Rick Santorum / Rick Perry (Democratic), Fred Karger (Unionist), Dennis Kucinich / Rocky Anderson (Radical)
2019-0000: Bernie Sanders / Kshama Sawant / Ron Reagan (Radical)
2018 def. Joe Biden / Mitt Romney / Beto O'Rourke (Unionist), Rick Perry / Eric Trump / Betsy DeVos (Democratic)
 
The Mumbster at it again with another great smash list

Great job.How does the Triumvirate work,exactly?

The idea I had was that Lincoln is assassinated by Confederate sniper in August 1864 - so Hamlin is President, but the Republican/National Union Convention had happened in June which meant Johnson was the VP candidate, so to avoid a complicated election, Hamlin, Johnson and Grant abuse the Constitution to form an emergency government to win the war.

When thats formalised at the wars end with a Constitutional Convention, the intention is to avoid a situation like the 1860 election, so elections aren't driven by popularity races. No one triumvir is more important than the others, every American gets three votes, every party can put forward however many candidates as they like (though generally conventions agree on three-man slates), and the top three vote winners get elected.

That has since evolved, and essentially the Triumvirs effectively divide the work of government between themselves, acting essentially as 'Super-Secretaries'.
 
Presidents of the United States (First)
1789-1797: George Washington (Nonpartisan)
1797-1805: Aaron Burr (Democratic-Republican)
1805-1811: Thomas Jefferson* (Democratic-Republican)


1811: United States Defeated by Britain in War of 1809, terms of the Treaty of Cambridge "Hereby dissolve the Federal Government of the United States of America".

Presidents of the United States (Second)[1]
1829-1841: Andrew Jackson ("Reckoning")

1828: def. Henry Clay ("Peace")
1841-1847: Silas Wright Jr. ("Annexationist")
1841 def. Henry Clay ("Peace")
1847-1863: Sam Houston ("Compromise")
1847 def. John C. Calhoun ("Reckoning")
1863-1874: Robert Toombs ("Fire-Eater")

1863 def. William Seward ("Barnburner"), John S. Carlile ("Compromise")
1874: AMERICAN CIVIL WAR BEGINS (PRESIDENTISTS VS CONGRESSISTS)
Presidentists
1874-1878: Robert Toombs (Nonpartisan leading Emergency Government)
Congressists
1874-1881: Schuyler Colfax (Democratic leading Anti-Presidential Government)
1878: CONGRESSIST VICTORY, AMERICAN CIVIL WAR ENDS
1878-1881: Presidency Vacant, Congress Has Executive Authority
1881-1891: William T. Sherman (Nonpartisan)

1891: Second United States votes to dissolve itself

[1] - Presidents of the Second U.S. were all nominally Nonpartisan, with historians adding Descriptors to differentiate their platforms
 
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The Sea Of Dust, or, How The Japanese Defeated America (Accidentally)

1929-1937: Herbert Hoover (Republican)
1928 (with Charles Curtis) def. Al Smith (Democratic)
1932 (with Charles Curtis) def. Al Smith ('Northern' Democratic), William H. Murray ('Southern' Democratic)

1937-1941: Douglas MacArthur (Republican / National Union)
1936 (with William Randolph Hearst) def. Huey Long ('Independent' Democratic), Fiorello H. LaGuardia (Labor), Hiram Johnson ('Independent' Republican)
1941-1941: Charles Lindbergh ('Independent' Republican / America First)
1940 (with Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.) def. Huey Long (Democratic / Everyman), Douglas MacArthur (Republican / National Union), Harry Bridges ('Pacific' Labor)
1941: Beginning of the Second American Civil War, and the collapse of the United States of America

So this is one of my favourite PODs, that one where a clique of Japanese officers planned to assassinate their own Prime Minister and also Charlie Chaplin in order to take Japan into an immediate war with the United States to unite Japan in a patriotic war. ITTL, that plan comes off and Hoover is able to win re-election as the Democratic Convention gets messy as many are uncomfortable with a cripple leading them in a war, and the party splits as the hardline racists sneer at the Catholic Smith.

The war goes badly - Japan manages to get a deal with a Chiang to collaboratively smash the Communists, allowing them to focus their energies on besting the US Navy, outcompeting the Air Corps and generally fighting the Yanks to a standstill. War production isn't sufficient to drag the States out of the doldrums of the Depression, and the Dust Bowl spreads, carving out an area of desolation stretching from Alberta to Chihuahua. MacArthur wins the GOP nomination in the midst of the war, cobbling together a war coupon to continue the exhausting conflict. The opposition remained deeply divided from Long's personality cult, to Johnson's decrepit isolationism to LaGuardia's tiny spark of hope.

By 1940 however, the war had entered true stalemate. The Japanese could keep the Pacific Fleet in its harbours, but could make no landings outside the now isolated Hawaii and Alaska - allowing her focus once more on China which had used these years to lick her wounds and prepare to retake Manchuria. The Dust Bowl had grown ever larger, with no New Deal in place to build wind breaks of trees. The East and West were increasingly divided from one another, and bandits took advantage in the badlands. MacArthur's military acumen had been winnowed away, so when Lindbergh emerged with his radical proposal for winning the war the American people grasped it - though with one hand tied behind her back.

Long had not been lazy in these years, capturing the Democratic Party machinery and slowly put surely placing allies into power across the South, and had brokered agreement with John L. Lewis of the Labor Party to aid in controlling the industrial North. However, the Laborites were themselves split, as Bridges' communist-aligned ILWU had slowly but surely spread across the Pacific and was very much a beast of its own. The result was a bitter election, strongly defined by regional splits. Long won much of the South, while MacArthur held the Northeast. Lindbergh won the anti-Japanese Pacific, much of the depopulated West, and parts of the industrial North for whom the war was the only thing keeping them in business. Bridges technically wasn't allowed to run for President but he had surrogates.

Finally, it emerged that Lindbergh had won - and as he announced his oft-repeated intention on the campaign trail, to contact that Mr Hitler and ask for his assistance in defeating the Yellow Peril, the murmurings of secession began. Long declared that Lindbergh had stolen the election and his pet Governors in the South concurred. MacArthur kept a bitter vigil in the White House as the date of the inauguration approached, and Bridges declared his intention to launch a general strike across the Pacific Coast.

America is now bloodily divided - Lindbergh in the fastness of the Pacific, waging a shadow war against Communism as bitter as the one with the Japanese. MacArthur keeps up an extralegal Presidency from Washington - tentatively backed by the British - while Long reigns supreme in the South and courts the British more openly, promising aid in the war in Europe in return for assistance in claiming his throne, but is also waging an internal war against a pro-Japanese African-American movement. The Dust Bowl remains contested, splitting the continent in half. Japan has ended up on the side of the Allies thanks to Lindbergh's chicanery, while Chiang has joined the Fuhrer's anti-Communist crusade.

its all a bit of a mess
 
The Sea Of Dust, or, How The Japanese Defeated America (Accidentally)

1929-1937: Herbert Hoover (Republican)
1928 (with Charles Curtis) def. Al Smith (Democratic)
1932 (with Charles Curtis) def. Al Smith ('Northern' Democratic), William H. Murray ('Southern' Democratic)

1937-1941: Douglas MacArthur (Republican / National Union)
1936 (with William Randolph Hearst) def. Huey Long ('Independent' Democratic), Fiorello H. LaGuardia (Labor), Hiram Johnson ('Independent' Republican)
1941-1941: Charles Lindbergh ('Independent' Republican / America First)
1940 (with Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.) def. Huey Long (Democratic / Everyman), Douglas MacArthur (Republican / National Union), Harry Bridges ('Pacific' Labor)
1941: Beginning of the Second American Civil War, and the collapse of the United States of America

So this is one of my favourite PODs, that one where a clique of Japanese officers planned to assassinate their own Prime Minister and also Charlie Chaplin in order to take Japan into an immediate war with the United States to unite Japan in a patriotic war. ITTL, that plan comes off and Hoover is able to win re-election as the Democratic Convention gets messy as many are uncomfortable with a cripple leading them in a war, and the party splits as the hardline racists sneer at the Catholic Smith.

The war goes badly - Japan manages to get a deal with a Chiang to collaboratively smash the Communists, allowing them to focus their energies on besting the US Navy, outcompeting the Air Corps and generally fighting the Yanks to a standstill. War production isn't sufficient to drag the States out of the doldrums of the Depression, and the Dust Bowl spreads, carving out an area of desolation stretching from Alberta to Chihuahua. MacArthur wins the GOP nomination in the midst of the war, cobbling together a war coupon to continue the exhausting conflict. The opposition remained deeply divided from Long's personality cult, to Johnson's decrepit isolationism to LaGuardia's tiny spark of hope.

By 1940 however, the war had entered true stalemate. The Japanese could keep the Pacific Fleet in its harbours, but could make no landings outside the now isolated Hawaii and Alaska - allowing her focus once more on China which had used these years to lick her wounds and prepare to retake Manchuria. The Dust Bowl had grown ever larger, with no New Deal in place to build wind breaks of trees. The East and West were increasingly divided from one another, and bandits took advantage in the badlands. MacArthur's military acumen had been winnowed away, so when Lindbergh emerged with his radical proposal for winning the war the American people grasped it - though with one hand tied behind her back.

Long had not been lazy in these years, capturing the Democratic Party machinery and slowly put surely placing allies into power across the South, and had brokered agreement with John L. Lewis of the Labor Party to aid in controlling the industrial North. However, the Laborites were themselves split, as Bridges' communist-aligned ILWU had slowly but surely spread across the Pacific and was very much a beast of its own. The result was a bitter election, strongly defined by regional splits. Long won much of the South, while MacArthur held the Northeast. Lindbergh won the anti-Japanese Pacific, much of the depopulated West, and parts of the industrial North for whom the war was the only thing keeping them in business. Bridges technically wasn't allowed to run for President but he had surrogates.

Finally, it emerged that Lindbergh had won - and as he announced his oft-repeated intention on the campaign trail, to contact that Mr Hitler and ask for his assistance in defeating the Yellow Peril, the murmurings of secession began. Long declared that Lindbergh had stolen the election and his pet Governors in the South concurred. MacArthur kept a bitter vigil in the White House as the date of the inauguration approached, and Bridges declared his intention to launch a general strike across the Pacific Coast.

America is now bloodily divided - Lindbergh in the fastness of the Pacific, waging a shadow war against Communism as bitter as the one with the Japanese. MacArthur keeps up an extralegal Presidency from Washington - tentatively backed by the British - while Long reigns supreme in the South and courts the British more openly, promising aid in the war in Europe in return for assistance in claiming his throne, but is also waging an internal war against a pro-Japanese African-American movement. The Dust Bowl remains contested, splitting the continent in half. Japan has ended up on the side of the Allies thanks to Lindbergh's chicanery, while Chiang has joined the Fuhrer's anti-Communist crusade.

its all a bit of a mess

Omg Mumby, you've actually accidentally made a coherent timeline for that 'The USN and IJN fight the Kriegsmarine' short story in the anthology I reviewed for the blog recently
 
The Best, Worst Case of the War

1861-1862: William Seward / Andrew H. Reeder (Republican)
1860: Samuel Houston / Robert C. Winthrop (Constitutional “Southern” Unionist) John C. Breckinridge / Isaac Toucey (Constitutional “Southern” Democratic), Stephen A. Douglas / James A. Seddon (National “Northern” Democratic)
1862-1863: Brvt. Lt. Gen. George B. McClellan / Mj. Gen. John A. McClernand (Independent)
1863-1865: Samuel S. “Sunset” Cox / Horace Greeley (National Unionist) [Acting]
1865-1873: George B. McClellan / Andrew Johnson (National Unionist)

1864: John C. Fremont / Lovell H. Rousseau (Radical Democratic), Franklin Pierce / Clement L. Vallandigham (Straight-Out Democratic), Abraham Lincoln / Ambrose E. Burnside (Republican) [Proscribed 10.64]
1868: Francis P. Blair, Jr. / John T. Hoffman (Independent National Unionist)

1873: George B. McClellan / Andrew Johnson (National Unionist) [Self-Proclaimed]
1872: Charles F. Adams, Sr. / William Saulsbury (Liberal)
1873-1877: Elihu B. Washburne / Daniel E. Sickles (Republican) [Acting, Congressional Appointment]
1877-1881: Daniel E. Sickles / John A. Logan (Republican)

1876: John Cochrane / Cassius M. Clay (Liberal), Lewis Wallace (National “Peace” Democratic)

The Election of President Seward in 1861 proved for a generation of Americans to be an utter disaster. From the Baltimore Uprising and the Secession of Kentucky in the first half of 1861 to the Autumn of 1862 Seward would veer between fierce determination and panic. The Emancipation Proclamation, announced just days before the disastrous battle of South Mountain tore the nation apart even further. After The Peninsula, John Pope and then the bloody battles of Harper's Ferry and Point of Rocks trust in the administration hit new lows. Two months after Joe Johnson's escape from Maryland, Seward and his War Secretary Edward Bates attempted to relive George McClellan from his command. In response the Army of the Potomac mutinied and marched on Washington. Seward was arrested and Reeder was forced to flee to Canada. Supreme leadership in his hands McClellan sought to cement his leadership with the trappings of legality while dispatching Fitz John Porter south to defeat Lee. The Battles of Mine Run and Chancellorsville followed, bloody affairs but form them McClellan thought he could assume a position of strength for Negotiations, and thus accepted the Franco-British-Russian offer of a half-year ceasefire for negotiations. Negotiations though in Halifax, Nova Scotia proved impossible and McClellan passed off control to his chosen Congressional Puppet to sign the de-facto permanent peace with the Confederacy before returning to supreme leadership in the most corrupt election in American History. It would be nearly a decade until the pressures of his flawed regime and its awkward peace saw further revolt. The Union would be shaken by Grant's March in 1873, and while Grant would have proven an able leader in the third Civil War that came on the heels of this second, he felt required to accept exile for his actions, leaving leadership in the hands of a restored, radicalized and determined Republican Party who would move on the collapsing Confederacy with a mixture of guile, bribery, diplomacy and in the end overwhelming firepower, and the power of a newly ratified and transformative Constiution.
 
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The Better Britons

"Where she stands, we stand; where she goes, we go."

1935 - 1940: Michael Joseph Savage (Labour)
1935 def. George Forbes (United-Reform Coalition), Harold Rushworth (Country), Eruera Tirikatene (Ratana), Albert Davy (Democrat)
1938 def. Charles Wilkinson (National)

1940 - 1945: John A. Lee (Labour)
1941 def. Jack Massey (National), Gus Mansford (United Liberal Co-operative)
1945 - 1951: Sidney 'Sid' Holland (National)
1945 def. John A. Lee (Labour), Gus Mansford (Cooperative)
1948 def. John A. Lee (Labour), Alfred Allen (Cooperative)

1951 - 1955: John A. Lee (Labour)
1951 (minority) def. Sidney Holland (National), Alfred Allen (Cooperative)
1952 def. Ronald Algie (National)

1955 - 1957: Arnold Nordmeyer (Labour)
1955 def. Keith Holyoake (National)
1957 - 1963: Walter Nash (Labour)
1958 def. Keith Holyoake (National), Vern Cracknell (Cooperative)
1961 def. Ralph Hanan (National), Vern Cracknell (Cooperative)

1963 - 1964: Hugh Watt (Labour)
1964 - 1970: Ralph Hanan (National)
1964 def. Hugh Watt (Labour), Vern Cracknell (Cooperative)
1967 def. Bill Rowling (Labour), Gerald O'Brien (Cooperative)

1970 - 1974: Wallace 'Bill' Rowling (Labour)
1970 def. Ralph Hanan (National), Gerald O'Brien (Cooperative)
1973 (minority) def. Ralph Hanan (National), Gerald O'Brien (Cooperative)

1974 - 1976: Ralph Hanan (National)
1974 Hamilton West by-election: National gain majority from Labour
1976 - 1979: Brian Talboys (National)
1976 def. Robert Tizard (Labour), Bruce Beetham (Cooperative)
1979 - 1990: Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan (Labour)
1979 def. Brian Talboys (National), Bruce Beetham (Cooperative),
1982 def. George Gair (National), Robert Muldoon (New Zealand Party), Bruce Beetham (Cooperative)
1985 def. Jim Bolger (National), Robert Muldoon and Bruce Beetham (NZ Party-Cooperative Alliance)
1988 def. Jim Bolger (National), Bob Jones (Alliance), Robert Muldoon (NZ Party [Continuity])

1990 - 1997: Bryan Gould (Labour)
1991 def. Jim Bolger (National), Bob Jones (Alliance), Koro Wētere (He Tāngata)
1994 def. Katherine O'Regan (National), Bob Jones (Alliance), Tau Henare (He Tāngata)

1997 - 2007: Alexander 'Alec' Smith (National)
1997 def. Bryan Gould (Labour), Bob Jones (Alliance), Dover Samuels (He Tāngata)
2000 def. Peter Hodgson (Labour), Maurice Williamson (Alliance), Dover Samuels (He Tāngata)
2001 def. Steve Maharey (Labour), Maurice Williamson (Alliance), Ngātata Love (He Tāngata)
2004 def. Mark Prebble (Labour), Maurice Williamson (Alliance), Tariana Turia (He Tāngata)
2007 def. Jim Anderton (Labour), Maurice Williamson (Alliance), Tariana Turia (He Tāngata), Peter Dunne (Christian Democratic)

2007 - 2010: Timothy Groser (National)
2010 - 2016: David Cunliffe (Labour-Alliance coalition)
2010 (coalition) def. Timothy Groser (National), David Shearer (Alliance), Pita Sharples (He Tāngata), Peter Dunne (Christian Democratic), Kennedy Graham (Green)
2013 (coalition) def. Nick Smith (National), David Shearer (Alliance), Hone Harawira (He Tāngata), Aupito William Sio (Christian Democratic), Julie Anne Genter (Green)

2016 - 2019: Clare Curran (Labour with confidence and supply from Christian Democratic)
2016 (minority) def. Simon English (National), Marama Davidson (He Tāngata), Chris Hipkins (Alliance), Julie Anne Genter (Green), Aupito William Sio (Christian Democratic)
2019 - 0000: Shane Jones (Labour minority government)
 
Ronald Reagan Democratic 1981-
1989 vice president Gary Hart

William Jefferson Rockefeller 1989-1997 Republican
Dan quayle


Ross perrot Independent Dan
choat 1997-2001

John Kerry Democratic Joe leiberman
2001-2005

1.In the 1950s R.R. is encouraged by Democrats to run for congress which he does.later in the 60s he becomes u.s. senator of California.By 1980 he is popular enough to primarry Carter to win D. Nomination then defeat Bush in a landslide.Democrats become more conservative in the 80s.defeats senator Baker in landslide.

2.His mother married Winthrope Rockefeller after both spouses have passed on. Rockefeller is moderate Republican married to miss Arkansas 1974. President during great economic boom of the 1990s.

3. Tied with Hoover as absolute worst president.blamed for early great recession.

4. Ex veitnam solider.trying to unite both conservative and liberal wings of the party when both sides of congress are controled by opposition.
 
theev said:
Challenge: Make a dystopian list with a POD from the year of your birth

1993-1995: Bill Clinton (Democratic)
1992 (with Al Gore) def. George Bush (Republican), Ross Perot (Independent)
1995-1997: Al Gore (Democratic)
1997-2005: Colin Powell (National Unity)
1996 (with Al Gore) def. Ross Perot (Reform), Pat Buchanan (Taxpayers')
2000 (with Al Gore) def. Pat Buchanan (Reform), Dick Lamm (Progressive Conservative)

2005-2009: Al Gore (National Unity)
2004 (with Ben Nighthorse Campbell) def. Lincoln Chafee (Progressive Conservative), Bo Gritz (Reform), Bernie Sanders (Liberty Union)
2009-2011: Ben Nighthorse Campbell (National Unity)
2008 (vacant) def. Chuck Baldwin (Reform), Mike Gravel (Liberty Union), Fred Thompson (Progressive Conservative)
2011-2012: Dennis Hastert (National Unity)
2012-2012: Thomas Robb (Reform leading National Directorate)
2012-2013: David Petraeus (Nonpartisan leading Provisional Military Administration)
2013-2017: Joe Biden (New Democratic)
2012 (with John McCain) def. Jon Huntsman Jr. (Progressive Conservative), Ralph Nader (Liberty Union), [BANNED] (Reform)
2017-2021: David Petraeus (Independent)
2016 (with Jim Webb) def. Danny DeVito (Liberty Union), Virgil Goode (Constitution)

Welcome to America's so-called Third Republic, founded after the attempted Apocalypse Coup of 2012, as now-President Petraeus established the modern Regulated Democracy. A true Republic, as the founders intended, not the mob rule to which we nearly succumbed. Those institutions are still but fresh however, vulnerable to assault by a sufficiently determined attack. The sheer momentum of the hysterically leftist Liberty Union saw Petraeus come to the rescue of our democracy once again, earning the endorsement of both the NDP and the PCP. And who can accuse the President of being a military dictator in all but name, when he allowed the Constitutionalists to register, ensuring that when voters compared the three main candidacies it was clear who was the candidate of the stolid common sense of the centre.

How did we get here? I suppose it began in 1993, with the apprehension and later death in hospital of David Khoresh. At least that's how Timothy McVeigh described it. In March 1993 as he stalked over the ashen ruins of Khoresh's Waco compound, he settled upon the plan that would etch his name into history. He embarked upon an ambitious series of assassinations - beginning with Attorney General Janet Reno and concluding with that President Bill Clinton. His actions would inspire similar 'lone wolf' killings and attacks, and law enforcement was hard pressed to keep up. And so President Al Gore made his famous compact with the suggested Republican nominee.

The election of a black man, in what was seen by the conspiratorial right as a rigged election, only saw the militia movement grow. Powell did what he could, bringing anti-insurgency tactics used abroad to the shores of home, but the less extreme branches of the militia were shielded by the presence and growth of the Reform Party. The seeming success of Powell's tactics and then the formal election of Al Gore in 2004, led to assumptions that a return to normalcy was just around the corner - though the persistence of the PCP and the emergence of the Liberty Union from their Vermont stronghold onto the national stage put the lie to that.

The financial crash was kindling for the smouldering coals of insurgency, and resulted in a hung electoral college but the NU dominated Senate handily put Campbell into place - another non-white President was only fuel for the fire. It shouldn't have been a surprise that he became a victim to a militia slaying - and the ascension of Speaker Hastert was the perfect accelerant that turned the fire into an inferno. The revelation of the man's indiscretions sparked widespread outrage, and many turned a sympathetic ear to the conspiracy theories of the militias even if they had treated them with incredulity before. This was the atmosphere in which the National Directorate seized power, as the Reform Party grandees believed their time was come and not a second could be wasted.

It was ironic - if they had but waited they would probably have won in 2012. As it was, Petraeus' Regulated Democracy saw the Overton Window radically shifted. But even if the acceptable range of public opinion has been reduced, that has not saved America from the bloodletting. A new siege around another compounds seems to begin every other week, and the militias clash openly with the Liberty Union's own soldiers clad in black and red. The streets of the cities are as lost to conventional law and order as thoroughly as the rural hinterlands - a fact that goes unreflected in a Congress and Presidency carefully kept on the illusionary centre ground.
 
Electoral History of Francis Fisher
1905: Member of the House of Representatives for City of Wellington (Independent Liberal)

1905 (by) def: Charles Izard (Liberal), John Hutcheson (Liberal-Labour)
1905: Member of the House of Representatives for City of Wellington (New Liberal)
1905-1908: Member of the House of Representatives for Wellington Central (New Liberal)

1905 def: Patrick O'Regan (Liberal), Albert Cooper (Independent Labour League)
1908-1910: Member of the House of Representatives for Wellington Central (Independent)
1908 def: Thomas William Hislop (Independent)
1910-1914: Member of the House of Representatives for Wellington Central (Reform)
1911 (1st ballot) def: Robert Fletcher (Liberal), Tom Young (Labour), Frank Freeman (Socialist)
1911 (2nd ballot) def: Robert Fletcher (Liberal)
1914 def by: Robert Fletcher (Liberal)

1912-1914: Minister of Customs and Marine
1914-1919: Private Citizen
1919-1920: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (Conservative)

1919 (by) def: Arthur Henderson (Labour)
1920-1921: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (Independent Parliamentary Group)
1921-1928: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (Conservative)

1922 def: Joe Cotter (Labour)
1923 def: Joe Cotter (Labour), H. T. Ellis (Liberal)
1924 def: Joe Cotter (Labour)

1928-1931: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (Labour)
1929 def: Christopher Clayton (Conservative)
1931: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (New Party)
1931: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (Independent)
1931-1942: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (National Labour)

1931 def: Alexander Gordon Cameron (Labour)
1935 def: Alexander Gordon Cameron (Labour)

1942-1943: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (National Independent)
1943-1945: Member of the House of Commons for Widnes (Liberal National)

1945 def by: Christopher Shawcross (Labour)

Known in OTL as 'Rainbow Fisher' for his frequent defections, Francis Fisher was - in this TL - referred to as Francis 'Fucking' Fisher.

Starting off as a left-leaning Liberal, Fisher initially tried to make a new radical party A Thing, but this fizzled out and he eventually decided to join the centre-right Reform Party, in whose interest he joined Cabinet. Everything went wrong in 1914, though, and upon his rejection at the ballot box he emigrated to Britain.

Once there, Fisher was once more infected with the bug for politics, and put himself forward as the Tory candidate for Widnes in a 1919 by-election, in which he defeated Arthur Henderson. But he hadn't given up his youthful radicalism, and as the Baldwin Government grew stodgier while refusing for some reason to make him a Minister again (possibly related to his foolhardy defection, gripped by a fear of Communism, to a party run by the fraudster Horatio Bottomley), Fisher made the momentous decision to join the Socialists - largely because he could never hold the Widnes seat as a Liberal. Falling into an economically heterodox, he was enthusiastic about Oswald Mosley's New Party at first, but pulled away as Mosley edged further and further towards fascism. Fisher desired Action, not play-acting - and action was what he got when Ramsay MacDonald made the momentous decision to govern with the Tories.

Fisher joined the National Labour faction in the new Government but was still without a ministerial position. A further indignity assailed him when the local Conservatives toyed with the idea of standing a candidate against him. Nobody likes a turncoat, as Fisher had learned on numerous occasions. But the national party overruled the local Association and Fisher was assured of a seat as long as he could deliver some of the working-class vote to the National Government.

After MacDonald's retirement and death, and increasingly one the wartime coalition took effect, there was little point in continuing the National Labour Organisation, and as such Fisher gave up on party meetings and became an Independent supporter of Churchill. Like others formerly of National Labour, though, he drifted into the category of the Liberal Nationals, to whom his banner was pinned when he retired from politics after one final defeat in 1945. A member of nine parties and two national parliaments, Rainbow Fisher will take some beating in the stakes of Least Popular Parliamentarian In The Tearoom.
 
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